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Hoping to get in shape for summer? Ditch the fads in favour of a diet more likely to stick – The Conversation AU

Posted: December 16, 2019 at 4:44 pm

Weight gain can creep up on us. Over the winter months we enjoy foods that create a feeling of comfort and warmth. Many of these foods tend to be higher in calories, usually from fat or added sugars.

As we enter the summer months, some of us start to think about getting in shape and how were going to look in a bathing costume.

These concerns might be met with the temptation to seek a quick fix to weight loss. But this sort of approach is likely to mean finding yourself back in the same position this time next year.

Looking past the quick fix and fad diets to longer-term solutions will improve your chance of keeping the weight off and staying healthy all year round.

Read more: Health Check: why do we crave comfort food in winter?

Extra body fat is a risk factor for developing chronic diseases including type 2 diabetes and heart disease. With two in three Australians carrying too much body fat, many of us may be well-intentioned, but not making the best choices when it comes to what we eat.

Weight loss is largely a balance of choosing the right foods and being physically active in order to tip our internal energy balance scales in the right direction.

For the most part, quick-fix diets are based on calorie restriction as a means of weight loss. They focus on different strategies to get you to eat fewer calories without having to actively think about it.

Fad diets tend to share similar characteristics, such as eating fewer varieties of foods, fasting, and replacing meals.

Read more: Five food mistakes to avoid if you're trying to lose weight

But weight loss isnt just about swapping one or two foods for a month or two; its about establishing patterns to teach our bodies new habits that can be maintained into the future.

Fad diets and quick fix options can be limited in several respects. For example, they can be difficult to stick to, or people on them can regain weight quickly after stopping the diet. In some cases, there is insufficient research around their health effects in the longer term.

Lets take a look at the way some of these characteristics feature in three popular diets.

Juicing/detoxification

Juicing or detoxification diets usually last two to 21 days and require a person to attempt a juice-focused form of fasting, often in combination with vitamin or mineral supplements in place of all meals.

People on this diet lose weight rapidly because of the extremely low calorie intake. But this is a severely restricted type of diet and particularly difficult to follow long term without a risk of nutrient deficiency.

Also, while it might hold appeal as a marketing buzzword, detoxification is not a process the body needs to go though. Our livers are efficient at detoxifying with very little help.

Read more: Trust Me, I'm An Expert: what science says about how to lose weight and whether you really need to

Intermittent fasting

An intermittent fasting diet involves a combination of fasting days and usual eating days. The fasting strategies include complete fasting (no food or drinks are consumed on fasting days) and modified fasting (20-25% of calories is consumed on fasting days).

This diet leads to weight loss due to an overall decrease in calorie intake. But its hard to stick with the fasting pattern as it results in intense hunger. Similarly, this diet can lead to binge eating on usual eating days.

But even though people are allowed to eat what they want on non-fasting days, research shows most do not over-eat.

Read more: Blood type, Pioppi, gluten-free and Mediterranean which popular diets are fads?

Overall, for people who are able to stick with intermittent fasting, we dont have enough evidence on the benefits and harms of the diet over time.

Long term energy restriction without fasting may result in the same weight outcomes and may be a better approach to continued weight management.

The paleo diet

The palaeolithic (paleo) diet was designed to reflect the foods consumed by our Stone Age ancestors before the agricultural revolution.

The paleo diet excludes processed foods and sugars. This recommendation lines up with the current evidence-based dietary recommendations. However, the paleo diet also excludes two major food groups grain and dairy foods.

While short-term weight loss might be achieved, theres no conclusive proof of benefit for weight loss and nutritional balance in the long term. People who follow the paleo diet might be at risk of nutritional deficiencies if theyre not getting any grains or dairy.

So its worth taking cues from the paleo diet in terms of limiting processed foods and sugars. But if youre thinking of adopting the diet in its entirety, it would be important to seek support from a health professional to ensure youre not missing out on essential nutrients.

So how can you tell if a diet is likely to lead to long term weight loss success? Here are some questions to ask:

does it incorporate foods from across the five food groups?

is it flexible and practical?

can the foods be easily bought at the supermarket?

If the answer to these three questions is yes, youre likely on to a good one. But if youre getting at least one no, you might want to think carefully about whether the diet is the right choice for sustained weight loss.

Read more: Four simple food choices that help you lose weight and stay healthy

Of course, seeing results from a diet also depends on your level of commitment. While it may be easier to stay committed in the shorter term, if you want to keep the weight off year round, its important to make checking in with your food choices part of your ongoing routine.

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Hoping to get in shape for summer? Ditch the fads in favour of a diet more likely to stick - The Conversation AU

Maintaining lost weight will help you to achieve ideal weight – Gulf News

Posted: December 16, 2019 at 4:44 pm

Image Credit: ANI

Busan [South Korea]: A medical professor has said that maintaining lost weight is more important than losing more for achieving the ideal body weight.

"A lot of communities have recognised obesity as a chronic disease. This is because even if patients lose weight, if you wait long enough, everyone puts their weight back on, with only a handful of exceptions," said Prof Arya Sharma of the University of Alberta at a symposium during the International Diabetes Federation Conference 2019 here.

He also said that all the people including patients and physicians believe that controlling obesity is a simple task and is about energy balance on controlling calories, Korea Biomedical Review reported.

"We can control calorie intake by eating less and outtake by doing more exercise. So we believe that it will be easy to achieve a certain balance for weight loss. Therefore, in theory, this is not so difficult," Sharma was quoted as saying.

"However, the problem is that there is a black box between controlling the intake and outtake of calories that people neglect," he said.

The professor outlined that black box is a complicated, sophisticated, redundant and effective physiological system designed for one particular purpose in order to defend an individual's body from the weight loss.

"Unfortunately, when we try to lose weight with any method, the body's system is going to work against the person trying to lose weight. Adaptations to weight loss include hormonal changes, increase in appetite, decrease in metabolic rate, and thermogenesis activity," said Prof Sharma.

"I am only interested in what the best way is to keep the weight loss and not how to lose weight. The first thing we have to acknowledge is an obesity treatment that a patient can stay on forever or obesity management that only goes on for only a certain period is not a treatment for obesity," he added.

The professor listed methods used by hospitals to treat obesity like behavioural modifications such as dieting and exercise and surgical methods.

"Behavior modification, such as controlling what a person eats or exercises, normally helps patients lose 3 to 5 per cent of their weight. The problem is that the lost weight will come back if the person stops their behavioural modification," said Prof Sharma.

"Surgery is the best way to lose weight as it can cut a person's weight by 20 to 30 percent," he added.

However, Prof Sharma asserted that surgery is not an ultimate and permanent solution to treat obesity.

"As an example, there are about 1.5 million people who are qualified for surgery. Canada conducts 100,000 surgeries a year. To give all the patients surgery, it would take 150 years," he said.

"Therefore, the problem with surgery is not that it does not work or effectiveness. The problem is that it is not scalable to the size of the obesity population," added the professor.

Prof Sharma said that the first step to be taken is acknowledging that obesity is not something that can be cured but it is a chronic disease that needs good management.

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Maintaining lost weight will help you to achieve ideal weight - Gulf News

Jacqueline Jossa reveals she lost a stone on Im A Celeb but says shes sad it wasnt more – The Sun

Posted: December 16, 2019 at 4:44 pm

I'M A Celebrity winner Jacqueline Jossa has revealed she's lost a stone on the reality show - yet wishes it was much more.

The mum-of-two was crowned champion of the ITV reality series, famed for dishing out scant portions of rice and beans to campmates, last Sunday.

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Jacqueline told Monday's Lorraine of her impressive weight loss following a three weeks in camp.

Yet she admitted because she and her co-stars tackled the critter-filled challenges so well, they actually ate hearty meals, with two portions of rice a day.

Host Lorraine Kelly praised the actress' glowing look and compared it to a healthy appearance gained from a health spa.

Jacqueline confirmed her one-stone weight loss as she gushed over the "jungle diet" saying: "It (the weight loss amount) was the first thing I asked when I came out.

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"I was hoping for more.

"But we ate really well, sometimes there was so much food."

It was her first interview since leaving camp last Sunday, and she also opened up on husband Dan Osborne's love rat behaviour.

The Sun was first to reveal how the star's campmate, Myles Stephenson, had told her he believed Dan had cheated with Gabby Allen during a heartbreaking chat in camp.

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Model Chloe Ayling then confirmed the former TOWIE hunk's threesome with her and Natalie Nunn during a boozy night out last year, with Jacq forced to come face to face with the claims on her exit from the ITV show.

Addressing the state of their marriage, she confirmed they were OK and said: "Yes, of course."

Confronting the love rat claims head on, she added: "

"The thing is, it's really funny, because we've been going through it (the cheating claims) for two years.

"This isn't new for me.

"All this stuff that I knew about is not new news to me.

"It got brought up again because of Myles but at the same time, I was glad it made me think about it, I didn't have a choice but to think about it... but it helped me."

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KEEPING UP WITH THE JOSSA Jacqueline Jossa boasts she's 'best friends' with Caitlyn Jenner

MAUR TO COME Maura Higgins hints she's new Love Island host after Caroline Flack arrest

'i'm sorry' Dan Osborne apologises to Jacqueline Jossa for mistakes after cheating scandals

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She added: "To be honest, I want to hit a restart button.

"It's been two years of me basically giving him hell and it's not like he's got away lightly at all.

"He knows he's done wrong, he knows he's done a lot wrong. There's some stuff that's absolutely not true that is, like, honestly, being done with legal so I can't even talk about it."

She then admitted she would "never say never" to a return to EastEnders, the soap that made her famous.

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Jacqueline Jossa reveals she lost a stone on Im A Celeb but says shes sad it wasnt more - The Sun

Why Russian Military Expenditure Is Much Higher Than Commonly Understood (As Is China’s) – War on the Rocks

Posted: December 16, 2019 at 4:43 pm

Greshams Law states that bad money drives out good money, but anyone who has spent time around Washington, D.C., knows that this law can safely be applied to information too bad information tends to drive out good information. Such is the case with Americas assessments of other countries military and economic power. Defense spending is one of the most commonly used measures for gauging a countrys potential military power, setting expectations of what the military balance might look like in the future. It helps give us a sense of how much of a states economic power is being converted into military power. Well, in theory it should, if we knew how to measure it right, but comparing defense spending across countries is a complicated task. As a consequence, the United States doesnt really know where its military expenditure stands in relation to that of its principal adversaries, what kind of military capability theyre getting for their money, and whether the balance of power is likely to improve or worsen over time.

Policymakers are barraged by a daily stream of think tank reports, academic writing, and media stories competing for their perceptions. For example, by cherry-picking a few gross measures, including military expenditure, a recent RAND report caricatured Russia as a weakling rogue state. Major newspapers generate erroneous headlines: many ran stories asserting that in 2017 Russian defense spending declined by a fifth . In our experience, both in Washington and London, decision-makers have little time to investigate or read and tend to believe many of the headlines they come across. Indeed, rarely does a discussion take place on Russia or China without a series of assumptions being voiced based on questionable assessments of relative power when it comes to GDP, defense spending, or demographics.

Of course, a necessary precursor to finding measures that matter is knowing how to measure in the first place. This is a challenge we hope to briefly take up here. It is hardly an academic question. Strategic implications abound for Americas pursuit of a favorable regional military balance in Europe and decisive military advantages over its adversaries. In our view, despite its tremendous size, U.S. defense spending does not actually dwarf that of the rest of the world. This also raises some uncomfortable questions about the ability of the United States to attain deterrence by denial against competing revisionist powers. The disparity is especially evident when looking at the case of Russian military expenditure, which is much larger than it appears, though a fair assessment of Chinese defense spending would also yield pessimistic expectations about the future balance of military power.

Why Russia Gets More Bang for the Ruble

Based on the annual average dollar-to-ruble exchange rates, Russia is typically depicted as spending in the region of $60 billion per year on its military. This is roughly in line with the defense spending of medium-sized powers like the United Kingdom and France. However, anybody familiar with Russias military modernization program over the past decade will see the illogic: how can a military budget the size of the United Kingdoms be used to maintain over a million personnel while simultaneously procuring vast quantities of capable military equipment?

Russian procurement dwarfs that of most European powers combined. Beyond delivering large quantities of weaponry for todays forces, Russias scientists and research institutes are far along in development of hypersonic weapons, such as Tsirkon and Avangard, along with next-generation air defense systems like S-500. This volume of procurement and research and development should not be possible with a military budget ostensibly the same size as the United Kingdoms. When theory checks in with practice, the problem with the approaches that return such answers is plain for anyone to see.

The reason for this apparent contradiction is that the use of market exchange rates grossly understates the real volume of Russian military expenditure (and that of other countries with smaller per-capita incomes, like China). Instead, any analysis of comparative military expenditure should be based on the use of purchasing power parity (PPP) exchange rates rather than market exchange rates. This alternative method takes differences in costs between countries into account. As we demonstrate, despite some shortcomings, PPP is a much more methodologically robust and defensible method of comparing defense spending across countries than the method of comparing spending using the market exchange rates that are commonly used by think tanks and academics. Using PPP, one finds that Russias effective military expenditure actually ranged between $150 billion and $180 billion annually over the last five years. That figure is conservative; taking into account hidden or obfuscated military expenditure, Russia may well come in at around $200 billion.

To put it simply, calculating Russian military expenditure based on purchasing power means that the United States spends only about four times more than Russia on defense, rather than ten times more when using market exchange rates. But this remains a crude comparison. The gap is even narrower when one digs into the differences in how this money is spent. At nearly 50 percent of federal budget spending on national defense, a large proportion of the Russian defense budget goes to procurement and research and development. By comparison, in other countries with large defense budgets, procurement spending tends to be much lower: in India, the United States, and the United Kingdom, spending is at about 2025 percent.

Unlike some other large military spenders for example, Saudi Arabia and India Russia also produces most of its weaponry itself and does not buy its equipment from countries with higher costs. This means that effective Russian military expenditure is much larger given that a ruble spent at home buys considerably more than a dollar spent abroad. And, despite Russias largely stagnant economy, this higher level of spending has proven far more durable than media narratives have suggested.

Perhaps most importantly, the more methodologically sound approach to comparing defense spending based on PPP illustrates that the gap between U.S. expenditure on the one hand and that of Russia and China on the other has closed dramatically over the past 15 years. Today, when taken together, spending by Russia and China is roughly equal to U.S. defense expenditure, with Russia representing a much larger share than previously recognized.

Figure 1: Russian military expenditure as a share of U.S expenditure (percent), 20052018 (Richard Connolly)

Getting Defense Comparisons Right

Much of this confusion over the relative scale of Russian military expenditure is explained by differences in how analysts choose to measure military expenditure. When U.S. dollars calculated at market exchange rates are used to measure military expenditure across countries, the data can fluctuate wildly over time, more often than not due to changes in relative exchange rates rather than because of any changes in a given countrys military expenditure. This was vividly illustrated in 20142015 when the ruble depreciated sharply vis--vis the dollar, largely due to collapse in the global price of oil. Russian military expenditure, calculated at market exchange rates, was presented as having declined, even if in ruble terms, military expenditure was in fact growing briskly.

But exchange rate volatility is hardly the main reason why market exchange rates should not be used to measure military expenditure in Russia, China, or any other country. This is because converting military expenditure measured in national currencies to a common currency usually the U.S. dollar at market exchange rates conceals important differences in purchasing power across countries. Many goods and services have different relative prices within a country, with non-traded goods and services being relatively less expensive in poorer countries. This can result in military expenditure being drastically understated in countries with lower income levels, and correspondingly lower costs, than the United States.

Comparing defense expenditures using market exchange rate methodologies results in a parade of erroneous figures, which can be observed in annual think tank assessments, such as those made by the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI) or the International Institute for Strategic Studies flagship publication The Military Balance. The problem was best illustrated earlier this spring when SIPRI announced that Russian defense spending in 2018 had fallen behind Saudi Arabia and France to sixth in the world at $61.4 billion. Similarly, a chapter in The Military Balance comparing defense expenditure shows Russian expenditure to be a paltry $45 billion based on constant 2010 market exchange rates, less than that of the United Kingdom. These of course are remarkable assertions. One need not be a Russian military analyst to have a general appreciation for the fact that the Russian armed forces, including conventional and nuclear components, are vastly larger in size, greater in fielded capability, and in a higher state of readiness than those of France or the United Kingdom.

The most appropriate method for taking differences in relative costs across countries into account is, therefore, to use a PPP exchange rate. Today the International Monetary Fund calculates an implied PPP exchange rate of 23.4 rubles to the dollar. Given that the actual market exchange rate is 65 rubles to the dollar, this would suggest that the value of economic activity in Russia is over two and a half times larger than implied by the prevailing market exchange rate.

An equally important problem is how one compares GDP and relative living standards. Russias economy, which may seem to be closer to the size of South Koreas based on simplistic conversions at current market exchange rates, is more accurately reflected as the sixth largest economy in the world. This is because while market exchange rates are appropriate for measuring the value of internationally traded goods, PPP rates should be used when measuring non-traded goods and services. It is precisely these non-traded goods and services that tend to dominate military expenditure in countries like Russia that have sizeable and largely autarkic defense industries.

A Closer Look at Russian Defense Spending

In a recently published research paper sponsored by CNA, Russian military expenditure is calculated using PPP exchange rates that account for differences in the cost of inputs in Russian rubles. The use of purchasing powerbased estimates reveals not only that the level of Russian military expenditure is considerably higher than market exchange ratebased estimates suggest, but that this level has been much higher than commonly estimated since the 1990s.

Second, PPP-based estimates show that the rate of growth of Russian military expenditure was slower than suggested by market exchange ratebased estimates.

Third, Russias rate of growth in military expenditure since 2005 was also lower than that of other powers, such as China and India. This is partially due to the fact that Russia started from a higher base, but it also reflects the fact that China, India, Saudi Arabia, and many other non-Western powers have been engaged in a robust expansion of military spending.

Fourth, after adjusting PPP-based estimates of total military expenditure for imported military equipment, Russia has held a steady position as the worlds fourth largest military spender, behind the United States, China, and India.

As a middle-income country with lower costs, Russia spends much less maintaining its military than Western states, with about a third of its force made up of conscripts. Even if a conscript force performs worse, on average, than an all-volunteer force, conscripts can readily achieve a states military objectives because military operations are performed by specific, operationally assigned forces in defined geographic areas, not by notional forces logged in Excel spreadsheets of nationwide capability. Russias 2014 Crimea operation and 2015 intervention in Syria illustrate this point. As a result, the Russian General Staff gets a lot more capability out of its military expenditure than many other higher-cost militaries. While some countries like India may effectively spend more on paper based on PPP, the reality is that the Russian defense budget over time allows Moscow to wield a much bigger and pointier stick.

Russias state armament program has been hampered by two factors: a messy divorce with Ukraines defense sector and the loss of access to certain enabling technologies imported from the West. This led to major delays in several sectors and costly efforts at import substitutions, chiefly of components from Ukraine. However, this has over time made the Russian military industrial complex much more self-sufficient and even less dependent on imports than it was before sanctions were imposed, making PPP even more useful for measuring the true level of Russian defense spending. Furthermore, the Russian state has made sure that the defense sector is on a diet in terms of the profits it is allowed to make from state defense orders. While this led to a debt bubble within the Russian defense industry, it also suggests that the state is able to get more output from the defense sector relative to other sectors of the economy.

Although the level of Russian defense spending is higher than many previously thought, it is also true that it is declining as a share of GDP. The Russian government has chosen to let defense expenditure plateau for two reasons: first, because a large amount of equipment was successfully procured between 2011 and 2016, resulting in significant modernization of a previously aging force; and second, to avoid the sort of runaway defense spending that contributed to the Soviet Unions economic ruin. But this slowdown in the growth of defense spending should not be confused with slashing defense spending to levels that might drastically reduce Russias military capability. There is no evidence that such steep reductions are taking place. Instead, Russia is charting a middle course, not killing itself with unsustainable Soviet-style spending on defense, but equally avoiding painful reductions in order to meet the reformists demands.

Better Data for Better Strategy

During the Cold War, estimating Soviet defense spending proved one of the most hotly contested subjects within the U.S. defense community because it was an essential input into U.S. strategy toward a superpower adversary. Differing estimates of Soviet expenditure were produced by the CIA, which based its estimates on a wealth of unclassified and classified material, and the analysts located outside the intelligence community who relied on open-source material. As the Soviet economy stagnated in the 1970s and 1980s, debates over the ability of the Soviet economy to support the burden of the countrys vast military expenditure intensified.

This conversation is no less important today. The strategy community needs better measures and a smarter conversation on military expenditure. Overestimating or underestimating adversaries can lead to the misallocation of scarce resources or bad strategy. President John F. Kennedy and President Ronald Reagan both entered office mistakenly believing the United States was falling behind its Soviet adversary the opposite was true. Perhaps more dangerously, relying on simple but often distorted measures of relative capabilities raises the prospect of U.S. policymakers, like their British counterparts a century before them, failing to appreciate the erosion in their own countrys military power.

It is certainly possible to be better at assessing Russias military expenditure than it was 30 years ago. Although it is true that the Russian defense budget has become increasingly opaque in recent years, America has much better information today on the state of the Russian economy and its defense spending than it did when trying to assess the Soviet Unions capabilities.

Unfortunately, greater information has not translated into better analysis or more informed discourse among policymakers and academics alike on the real balance of power between the United States and its supposed competitors. Measuring military power is fraught with difficulty because it can be so context-driven and scenario-based. But if Russian defense spending is much larger than meets the eye, it suggests that the United States will struggle to maintain a favorable balance of power over time given increased pressure from China. The U.S. defense budget is not as vastly superior as it seems, and given the numerous contingencies Washington faces, U.S. military expenditure by itself will not naturally confer the ability to deter Russia in Europe. Simultaneous pursuit of deterrence by denial against both countries near their borders, seeking to prevent so-called faits accomplis via direct defense, is likely to prove an unaffordable and unrealistic strategy for the United States.

Meanwhile, those interested in the structural distribution of power, particularly realists, need to look again at their arguments, which bend towards the conventional wisdom that Russia is a tiny economy in decline. A fixation on China in strategist circles overlooks the simple fact that while Russia is certainly not going to be the worlds next superpower, it remains one of the largest economies and has a defense budget sufficient to maintain a military capable of challenging the United States conventionally. Beyond military expenditure, many of the other parameters used to set expectations of a countrys rise or decline, such as demographics, require greater scrutiny as they are probably based on equally questionable data. The truth is that at times defense economists are decidedly lazy in how they measure power, compare key national indicators, and form their expectations about the future balance. There is also a tendency to assume that rise and decline are secular trends, i.e., that China will continue rising as Russia declines. The historical track record of these two powers suggests otherwise.

Russian military expenditure, and as a consequence the potential for Russia to sustain its military power, is much more durable and less prone to fluctuations than it might appear. The implication is that even at its current anemic rate of economic growth, Russia is likely to be able to sustain a considerable level of military expenditure, posing an enduring challenge to the United States for the foreseeable decades. While ours is an exploratory analysis, it suggests that Russian defense spending is not prone to wild swings, nor has it been dramatically affected by changes in oil prices or U.S. sanctions. Given the disparity in national budget allocations, even as European allies increase their defense spending, Moscow is not going to struggle in keeping pace.

Michael Kofmanis director and senior research scientist at CNA Corporation and a fellow at the Wilson Centers Kennan Institute. Previously he served as program manager at the National Defense University. The views expressed here are his own.

Richard Connolly is director of the Centre for Russian, European, and Eurasian Studies at the University of Birmingham and senior lecturer in political economy. His research and teaching are principally concerned with the political economy of Russia and Eurasia.

Image: Kremlin

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Why Russian Military Expenditure Is Much Higher Than Commonly Understood (As Is China's) - War on the Rocks

Discovery could help find weight loss treatment for humans – Stock Daily Dish

Posted: December 16, 2019 at 4:43 pm

Could experts be close to finding the ultimate weight loss treatment? Scientists find molecule that inhibits fruit flies from overeating

Researchers are one-step closer to finding the ultimate weight loss treatment a signal in the human body that stops us from overeating.

The team has identified a molecule sent by fat cells to the fly brain when its energy stores were sufficient and inhibited the insects feeding.

Because fruit flies replicate many of the feeding-related regulatory mechanisms and genes found in humans, they make a good model for the search for such an inhibitory signal.

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PTP, a protein-like molecule, is released by fat bodies when a fly is feeding and travels to the brain.

Once it reaches the brain, PTP transforms into an enzyme cofactor called tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4), which neurons use to produce a neuropeptide a molecule that regulates feeding.

Found when there was a loss of BH4 in neurons, NPF was released more frequently and feeding increased.

On the other hand, increasing BH4 in neurons reduced NPF release and decreased feeding.

In the end, the team concluded that BH4 was a key player in suppressing a flys appetite.

The discovery was made by Walton Jones and his colleagues at the Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology.

Our study indicates fat tissue sends a molecular signal to the fly brain to regulate feeding behavior, said Jones.

Further studies will be needed to determine if a similar system acts in mammals, and if so, whether it can be safely manipulated to help achieve weight loss, or gain, in people.

Fat is the primary long-term energy storage molecule in animals, and the control of fat levels is critical for survival.

In mammals, the hormone leptin induces eating in response to fat loss, but so far, no corresponding signal has been identified, either in mammals or any other animal, that inhibits eating in response to fat gain.

During experiments, Jones and his team focused on short non-coding RNAs or microRNAs, which are well-known inhibitors of gene expression.

They first identified MicroRNAs, because this affects the flys feeding behavior when it is overexpressed in fat tissue.

And team also looked for genes that target those microRNAs.

The team discovered a microRNA called miR-iab-4 increased feeding in fruit flies by more than 27% and a target gene called purple, which was expressed in fat bodies.

They also found that when the target gene was reduced, the flies began to eat more suggesting purples function is to inhibit their appetite.

Purple is one of two fat-body enzymes that make up PTP, which is released by fat bodies when a fly is feeding and travels to the brain.

Once it reaches the brain, PTP is transformed into an enzyme cofactor called tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4), which neurons use to produce a neuropeptide a small protein-like molecule that regulates feeding.

What the team discovered was, when purple was removed in the fat body or there was a loss of BH4 in neurons, NPF was released more frequently and feeding increased.

On the other hand, increasing BH4 in neurons reduced NPF release and decreased feeding.

It was also discovered that feeding flies a low-calorie diet reduced expression of the fat body enzymes that control BH4 production and increased feeding.

In the end, the team concluded that BH4 was a key player in suppressing a flys appetite.

And the PTP released from fat bodies tells its brain that it has stored enough energy and can stop eating.

In the end, the team concluded that BH4 was a key player in suppressing a flys appetite.

And the PTP released from fat bodies tells its brain that it has stored enough energy and can stop eating.

Although these findings can only be related to flies, the team believes the identification of this appetite-suppression mechanism will surely spur research into related pathways in humans.

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Discovery could help find weight loss treatment for humans - Stock Daily Dish

Trying To Lose Weight But Can’t? Drink This Cinnamon Tea At Night For Quick Results – NDTV Food

Posted: December 16, 2019 at 4:42 pm

Cinnamon tea, with its high nutrient profile, may help with weight loss.

Highlights

Holidays and festivals equate to mindless eating and uninvited weight gain. With the merry festive vibe all around us, it can get difficult to stick to our routine of eating healthy foods and working out every day. Thankfully, there are some ways out that can help you not break out of your clothes, at least. Drinking cinnamon tea at bedtime may avoid excessive weight gain and may also help in losing some. Even if you are busy with the Christmas or New Year celebrations, or are marking the end of the year by holidaying, adapt this healthy ritual that will not throw your diet completely off the track.

We all love cinnamon in our curries and smoothies, but cinnamon tea is something you might have never really tried before. But don't worry; the bitter-sweet spice in its tea form will be just as pleasing to your taste buds.

Cinnamon tea, with its high nutrient profile, may boost your metabolism and keep your cholesterol level and blood sugar level in check. Its anti-inflammatory properties avoid bloating of belly. The spice is also known to aid digestion of foods that can contribute in losing extra calories.

Bengaluru-based nutritionist Dr Anju Sood says, "Cinnamon can boost the metabolic rate of the body. Often times, when a person's insulin become resistant, sugar doesn't get metabolised and it gets converted into fat. Cinnamon can help stimulate insulin and metabolise sugar from the foods ingested.

(Also Read:Consume These 3 Drinks Just Before Bedtime To Lose Weight Fast!)

Cinnamon is a spice that can help with faster weight loss.

There are a number of recipes for cinnamon tea that you can experiment with. The following recipe is most commonly used and suits all kinds of taste preferences. So we suggest, get your taste buds used to cinnamon tea with this basic concoction.

Ingredients:

1 cup water

1 teaspoon cinnamon powder

1 teaspoon honey

1/4 teaspoon black pepper powder

1 teaspoon lemon juice

Method:

Boil the water in. In a cup, add cinnamon powder, black pepper powder, honey and lemon juice, and mix well.

When the water is boiled, pour it over the cinnamon, honey and lemon mixture and give it all a nice stir. Pass the drink through a sieve and drink it warm.

Note: You can also use cinnamon sticks in place of cinnamon powder. In this case, boil half inch cinnamon stick along with the water.

(Also Read:This Apple-Ginger Tea May Help Speed Up Fat Burning Process)

It is said that drinking cinnamon tea at night before going to bed helps relax tired muscles, build immunity, boost metabolism and aid digestion of foods eaten throughout the day all this while you are sleeping peacefully! Try having cinnamon tea in your weight loss journey to a healthy, new you.

About Neha GroverLove for reading roused her writing instincts. Neha is guilty of having a deep-set fixation with anything caffeinated. When she is not pouring out her nest of thoughts onto the screen, you can see her reading while sipping on coffee.

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Trying To Lose Weight But Can't? Drink This Cinnamon Tea At Night For Quick Results - NDTV Food

The biggest health and wellness trends of 2019, from veganism to keto diets – USA TODAY

Posted: December 16, 2019 at 4:42 pm

This paleo, vegan mashup is the latest trendy diet sweeping the nation. Here's how it works. USA TODAY

As 2019 comes to a close, we're taking a look back at the biggest health and wellness trends this year.

From certain diets to specialized products, the year has brought a variety of buzzy wellness trends.

Not only headlines have held the names of these wellness trends, celebrity social media posts have also promoted certain diets.

The keto diet, for example, has gotten praise from"Jersey Shore" star Vinny Guadagnino, which he credits for losing 50 pounds. And although they never directly referenceketo,Khloe Kardashian andVanessa Hudgens both credit their weight loss to a high fat, low carb diet.

We've rounded up some of the biggest headline-making trends, in no particular order:

Though vegan diets started creeping into the mainstream in the last couple of years, 2019 saw the biggest increase in vegan hype and headlines.

From plant-based fast food optionsbecoming available across the country, like Burger King's Impossible Whopper, to articles on how to vegan-ize your Thanksgiving, this year has brought veganism to the forefront.

And it's not only fast food other industries are taking note too.

In September, Walt Disney Worldannounced that it will begin offering hundreds of plant-based options for its park-goers at all of its major quick and table service restaurants. Vegan options are also coming to Disneyland in spring 2020.

Celebrities speaking up about veganism has also been prevalent this year, fromJaden Smith's ups and downs with the dietto pop newcomer Billie Eilish slamming Lady Gaga's meat dress.

Vegan food at Disney World, Disneyland: When are the hundreds of vegan options coming?

Vegan appetizers: How to build a vegan cheese board

Though the ketogenic diethas been around for a while, it was everywhere in 2019, from keto movie theater snacks to celebrity endorsements.

In the diet, carbs are ditched to make room for high-quality fats and proteins. After several days of strict adherence, the body pushes through a period of lethargy to arrive at ketosis. In this highly efficient metabolic state, you burn stored fat for fuel and those stubborn love handles finally fade away.

To enter ketosis, dieters need to be eating fewer than 50 grams of carbs a day for a few days while maintaining a diet that's high in fat.

Some celebrity endorsements include Vanessa Hudgens plugging the "perfect keto snack!!," on her Instagram April, which was aSlim Fast keto peanut butter cup.

Alicia Vikander's trainer says she got her "Tomb Raider" physique from seven months of hard training and adhering to the keto diet.

More: 9 celebrities who credit popular diets for their figures

Keto dessert recipe: How to make pumpkin spice churros

Cannabidiol, the popular hemp plant derivative marketed as a cure-all for just about any condition, has only been approved by federal regulators to treat some rare forms of epilepsy, but its popularityquickly grew in 2019.

In April 2019, there were 6.4 million CBD Google searches, according to research in the peer-reviewed JAMA Network Open.

CBD,a non-psychoactive that shouldn't contain the"high" producing THC chemical,has poppedup on shelves across the country in oil, extract, vaporized liquid and capsule form.

The product, which as found its way into natural medicine, cosmetics and even food has caused some issues, however, due to confusion surrounding its legality.

Pet owners, beware: What to know before giving your pets CBD

'Everyone have a puff': Kim Kardashian's chill baby shower included CBD and meditation

Forget soy and almond milk, 2019 was all about oat milk for a go-tonon-dairy alternative.

Oat milk gained popularitythanks in part to the U.S. arrival of Swedish company Oatly. The company, which was formed in the early 90s,brought its oat drink to the statesstarting at Intelligentsia coffee shops last year.

Nowthe gluten-free and sugar-free product is available in upwards of 2,200 coffee shops and 1,000 grocery stores across the countryfrom Seattle to Northwest Arkansas and Brooklyn, says Oatly's general manager Mike Messersmith.

In addition to a milk-change up for yourcereal and lattes, oat milk is also coming in the form of yogurt soon.

Earlier this year, Danone North America, which sells Dannon yogurt, announced a line of oat-milk yogurt alternatives under its Silk brand.

Sorry, soy and almond: Why oat milk is the new 'it' milk alternative

A cross betweenpaleo and vegan diets, the Pegan diet was originally written about on functional medicine doctor Mark Hyman's blog in 2014. The doctor's buzzworthy brainchild caught on to the mainstream in 2019, however, withPinterest reporting a 337% increase in people searching for the term as of October.

"While Pegan involves leaving out certain foods like refined sugar and flour, conventionally raised animal products and chemical additives its so much more focused on what we can eat for optimal health," Hyman explained to USA TODAY partnerMakeItGrateful.com.

He continued, "Eating this way means you dont have to count calories because when you eat the whole, nutrient-dense foods, youre naturally satiated."

Most people are aware of fasting for religious reasons, but 2019 brought a whole new meaning to the practice when paired with the word "intermittent."

The trendy dieting advice suggestalternating between certain periods of eating and not eating. The methodhas been used as a way to lose weight and for other benefits. A study from The National Institute on Aging last year suggests that intermittent fasting could be the key to longevity.

Food fasting isn't the only kind to pop up this year, either.

Dopamine fasting has become a mindfulness practice that has taken off at the end of the year, about a year after Youtuber Improvement Pill published a video where he perhaps coined the term while describing his routine meant to Get Your Life Back Together, as the video title says.

The term has a different definition for everyone, but for American Authors musician Dave Rublinit means making a concerted effort, in a set amount of time, to avoid social media and TV.

Contributing:Jennifer Mattson, MakeItGrateful.com; Ryan W. Miller, Marina Pitofsky, Carly Mallenbaum, Brad Japhe, USA TODAY

More: Jillian Michaels dishes out new diet advice: Fast for 12 hours and eat only one snack a day

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The biggest health and wellness trends of 2019, from veganism to keto diets - USA TODAY

I’m Making Small, Healthy Changes in 2020 by Following This One Simple Rule – msnNOW

Posted: December 16, 2019 at 4:42 pm

Getty / filadendron I'm Making Small, Healthy Changes in 2020 by Following This One Simple Rule

Every year, millions of Americans set out to tackle their resolutions. Losing weight often tops the list, but by February, our willpower begins to fade, and suddenly, it isn't so hard to find an open machine at the gym. Most of us abandon our resolutions before they're accomplished, myself included.

But this year, I'm doing things differently. Instead of panicking and overcorrecting on all of my perceived shortcomings, I'm setting small, attainable goals. If you're like me, you want to go all in on resolutions. I equate it to spring cleaning: when the urge to do it hits, you want to fix up everything. You start strong, but by the end, you're brushing dust under the rug and piling junk into closets. The same goes for resolutions. We've heard that real weight loss doesn't happen fast, that meditation takes practice, and that overexerting ourselves when starting a new fitness routine will backfire - yet I'll admit I've made these mistakes and more in the name of tackling my resolutions. So, this year, I'm setting two larger goals and breaking them down into mini and micro goals I can accomplish without burning out. I'm also not labeling my resolutions in a way that causes me guilt or shame.

This year, my goals involve my weight and my writing - two emotionally triggering words. I have insulin-resistant PCOS, and for my health, I need to lose about 30 pounds. If you've ever been in the same boat, you know how scary that number can sound. I also have a daunting goal to finish a novel before I turn 30 (I'm 28 now). Both of those resolutions sound stressful when written as "lose 30 pounds" or "write the great American novel." I know I'll end up feeling overwhelmed and defeated if I frame them in that way. So instead, I'm making it my goal to "run a race for charity that's longer than a 5K" and "finish a (very) rough draft of the shortest acceptable novel." Neither of those goals sound as scary to me, and they trick me into remembering that I can definitely do this.

Under those big goals, I have mini goals. To prepare for the charity race, I plan to run longer and longer races every three months. I'll start with running just one mile, then maybe a 5K, and ultimately I'd love to run a half-marathon in October. Sure, 13 miles sounds like a lot, but one mile per month doesn't. My micro goal for this? Just run every day. It doesn't matter if it's 10 minutes or an hour. By next January, I'll bet I'll have lost weight, too, without the feelings of guilt or shame.

For the novel, I'm setting mini goals, too. I'm joining a local writers' group to hold me accountable. Every meeting, I'll have at least one new chapter to review with them. My writing micro goal? Write 1,000 words every day. This usually takes me less than an hour to do, and guess what? A novella is about 50,000 words. If I just hit my word count consistently, I can have a draft of a novella written in 50 days, leaving plenty of time in the year to make additions and edits.

Of course, this all sounds great in theory, but what about those days when you just can't get motivated? For me, that's where author Mel Robbins comes in. She has developed this simple but revolutionary concept she calls The 5-Second Rule. The concept is simple: no matter what it is that you're dreading - exercising, getting ready for work, meditating - just count backwards from five and "blast off" into that activity.

Mel goes into the science of this technique in her book, but I can tell you without any expertise that it works. I suffer from anxiety and chronic health issues, but trying this rule has made me brave, excited, and motivated. It launches me into action even when I'm scared, anxious, or feeling lazy. So, when I think I have nothing to say, I count down from five and just start writing. When I think I don't have the energy to run, I hit the pavement anyway! Once I'm moving, it stops the spiral of excuses, and usually the forward momentum keeps me going for a while. After all, it's only 1,000 words or a 10-minute run, not a novel or a marathon. I can totally do that, and I'll bet you can, too, whatever your goals.

Related video: Is it actually harder to lose weight when you're short? (Provided by Shape)

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I'm Making Small, Healthy Changes in 2020 by Following This One Simple Rule - msnNOW

Secrets of Nutrition Resolutions That Stick – Thrive Global

Posted: December 16, 2019 at 4:42 pm

Over 40 percent of Americans make New Years resolutions, and nutrition is at the top of the list. According to one poll, 54 percent of respondents said eating healthier was the goal of their resolution. But while making healthier food choices is great in theory, it is challenging in practice. A recent study found that nearly 80 percent of Millennials thought their diets could be healthier. And with so many fad diets popping up, it can feel hard to know which is the healthiest and the most effective and sustainable way to lose weight.

For many of us, right after the ball drops, we begin our plan and give our resolution our all for the first month. Then work, family, and old habits creep in, and we lose sight of our goal and fall back into our old ways and only 6 percent of Americans accomplish their resolutions. But dont let that be you: Thrive has attainable Microsteps (a much more sustainable alternative to traditional resolutions) to get you to your 2020 goal. Here, top registered dietitians share their best tips and tools to change up your diet and form long-lasting, good nutrition habits.

We can safely say that resolutions havent worked, and its most likely because the goals people set are more about what they dream of having. They set actions without a well-thought-out self-assessment and plan. Theyll say, Im going on a diet in January because I need to lose 25 pounds. Instead, people need to start with self-reflection. Ask yourself honestly, Why am I not eating well in the first place? Is it because you have no time? Cant cook? Lazy? Not motivated? Stressed? Cant afford it? What stories are you telling yourself? What patterns are reinforcing your bad behavior choices? Once you have been honest with yourself, create a plan for change. Be specific and write it down. Goals without clarity are doomed to fail. Define how you want to eat and feel, the type of body you want, the amount of energy you want to have, etc. Get rid of the word diet, in your mind, and acknowledge that you are creating a lifestyle, and the healthy habits you form will change your self-image. Your identity will morph from, I am a person who wants to eat healthy, to I am a person who honors my body and chooses quality food. Think about habits as the method through which you embody a particular identity. In other words, every time you eat well, you embody someone who is fit and healthy. Or every time you eat and cook food at home, you embody someone who doesnt eat fast food.

The next ingredient for lasting change is to restructure your environment for success. This includes both your physical and social surroundings. Is your home set up so that eating healthy is easy, or do you have a six pack of soda in the fridge and a gallon of ice cream in the freezer? Lets face it, we all fight the gravitational pull of junk food. The best solution is not to keep it in your home or work environment where its obvious, available, and visible. Give your pantry and fridge a makeover. Make it hard for you to access the foods that sabotage your nutrition. Do you get tempted driving by fast food every day? Take a different route to work. Do you get tempted by the unhealthy food in your office conference room? Stay out of the room and bring healthy snacks from home. Your social environment is equally important. Seek out tribes that share your vision for healthy eating both in person and online. Pair up with friends or coworkers that can socially reinforce your desired behaviors. Be intentional with your social media use, and join online communities that are in line with your health values. Its here that you will find like-minded people who share information and videos that can teach you not just what to eat, but also model what a healthy lifestyle looks like. A lot of small habits turn into big changes, and every action you take is a vote for the type of person you want to become.

Nicole Magryta, M.B.D., R.D.N., Integrative Clinical Nutritionist and author of Nourish Your Tribe

Im a physician and a scientist, and what I follow is the research that is evolving our understanding of health. Some of the discoveries actually shift what we once thought was the right way to eat into new ways to make good choices. Here are some health tips that can revolutionize your approach to better living in the new year:

1. Shop the middle aisle: Unlike the old adage that you should avoid the middle aisle to only buy fresh foods, it is now clear that the middle aisle offers foods that can activate our bodys health defense systems. For example, dried or canned beans are a good source of dietary fiber that feed our healthy gut bacteria, or microbiome, which improves our immunity. Similarly, some tinned smaller fish like sardines, anchovies, and even tuna can be a source of healthy marine omega-4 fatty acids. Canned tomatoes can be a source of lycopene, which protects your DNA. And dark chocolate has been shown to activate stem cells that help us heal from the inside out. Visit the middle aisle, and choose wisely.

2. Dont worry so much about individual elements, like gluten or lectins or sugar, its the sum total that counts: Research has shown us that dietary patterns matter more than individual elements. Thats why the Mediterranean diet works its not just one aspect of the diet. If you eat mostly plant-based foods, youll be building up your bodys health defenses, and its OK to occasionally eat something less healthy. Fashion your eating habits after the healthiest cultures, and dont stress about any single healthy or unhealthy ingredient.

3. Love your food to love your health: Start a new health regime when it comes to nutrition by looking at what you love that is healthy, and find delicious ways to cook and combine those ingredients. Be bold and explore new foods that are healthy so you can discover new pleasures to enrich your life. Its time to move away from deprivation, guilt, and shame when it comes to healthy eating. Living well means leaning into the healthy food that you enjoy.

William W. Li, M.D., author of Eat to Beat Disease: The New Science of How Your Body Can Heal Itself

Your resolution should be something that youre actually motivated to do. It may sound obvious, but we often make goals that we think we should make, rather than ones that we actually want to take action on. And without being truly motivated, maintaining your goal will be much harder.

Accountability is an essential part of sticking with your goals in the long term. Options like seeing a dietitian, signing up for a race, and tracking your progress in an app like Lose It! can all go a long way in keeping you motivated and on track. As you go through your year, its also important to maintain the mindset that a slip up isnt a failure. Just because you got off track once, that doesnt mean your goal goes out the window. Instead, its important to accept the mistake and move on guilt-free. You may even be able to learn from the experience and make a plan to avoid similar situations in the future.

When it comes to setting resolutions, two common mistakes I often see are making goals that are either non-specific or unrealistic, or both. As a result, we end up with goals that are difficult to achieve.

To make goals more specific, make sure that youre clear on how you will take action on your goal, and you have a way to measure when youve made progress on it. For example, using tracking apps like Lose It! can help with measuring your progress, as they can give you data on the nutrient content of your meals, and track changes in weight loss, food or macronutrient intake, water consumption, and exercise.

One way to ensure your goals are realistic is to avoid the all or nothing mindset. So rather than saying youre going to stop eating dessert altogether, a more realistic goal would be to start by reducing how often you consume dessert. Again, apps like Lose It! can be helpful since they can help teach you the nutrient content in different foods, and see how some popular off limits foods can still fit into your healthier lifestyle.

Kelli McGrane, M.S., R.D. at Lose It!

The biggest mistake I see with my clients, and most people struggling to lose weight, is that they have an all or nothing mentality. People need to stop looking for a fast way to lose weight and move on, and start getting real about making lasting changes they can sustain. To keep weight off and maintain weight loss, you must change how you look at food. Start writing down every single thing you eat. Then add the calories. Weight loss is calories in versus calories out. When you start to monitor what you eat, add in healthy foods. I actually encourage all of my clients to eat carbs at every meal. So often, people eat something bad, or skip a workout, and their mindset switches to, Oh well, Im going to stop working out, or Im going to continue eating badly. A little planning goes a long way when it comes to losing weight. Sunday is a great day to plan and prepare. Plan your food for the week and then hit the supermarket.

Gladys DiTroia, weight loss specialist and coach

To ensure your New Years resolution success, I recommend focusing on one thing at a time, and doing that one thing well before you try to change something else. Multiple habits that we do on a day-to-day basis combine and form our behaviors. If we set a New Years resolution to start eating better a behavior then that requires us to start shopping for healthier food, portioning our foods, ensuring that we eat the right amount of food on a daily basis, drink enough water throughout the day, and so on and so forth a habit. So by choosing to make one behavior change, were actually trying to change multiple habits at the same time. Statistically, it takes about 66 days to form a new habit. Choose one habit to focus on for 66 days. Once you can successfully do that one thing for 66 days, then work on another. Over time, after continuing to use this model, youll then form long-lasting and sustainable behavior changes.

For those who are looking to add more movement into their days to enhance their well-being, I recommend doing something first thing in the morning to get your body moving. This is when your mind and your body are at its best, without all the stress. For those of you with a morning routine, I would strongly encourage to add movement into your routine, and notice how it will enhance everything else you do. For those of you without a routine, this is a simple place to start, so that you can take care of yourself first, as most of us spend our days taking care of others. Start by getting up 15 to 20 minutes earlier to establish a morning routine such as mobility, stretching, yoga, or even taking a brisk walk outside without distractions, honoring yourself and your body.

Nathan Kohlerman, Founder of NeuIntention

The key to healthy eating is making small changes that are specific, measurable, and attainable. For example, instead of declaring you want to eat healthier or lose weight, try setting specific goals like replacing one sugar-sweetened beverage each day with fruit-infused water, or incorporating one more serving of veggies per day from what you previously ate.

My number one healthy snacking tip is to have protein, and produce options at eye level in the fridge and pantry so they are the first to grab when hunger strikes. Some examples are hummus and sugar snap peas, cheese and grapes, or an apple and peanut butter. Pairing protein and produce is what I call a snack with staying power, and one I recommend to my clients wanting to lose weight or have more energy.

Mia Syn, M.S., R.D., Registered Dietitian and Nutritionist at Goli Nutrition

Really think through what you want to accomplish and why you want to accomplish it. You need to have a well-thought-out reason for what you want to do, and why you want to do it, because this is what you will keep returning to for willpower even when you feel like you have lost some of your motivation to keep going.

Break the goal into bite-sized pieces. When you just keep looking ahead and the destination looks too far is when you are most likely to quit. Make a plan that is divided up week by week, with weekly goals that at the end add up to your plan, but where you can just focus on the goal of the week in the moment.

Give yourself concrete rewards. Brains respond to positive feedback, and a reward at the end of bite-sized accomplishments will encourage a good feeling about moving forward with the next weeks goals.

Create a support system to also hold you accountable. Its easier to deceive yourself that you are sticking with a goal than it is to deceive others. Form a small group of people who will emotionally invest in keeping you honest, cheering you on, and being brutally honest when you lean towards throwing in the towel. Studies find social support does make a difference in goal-keeping.

Dr. Gail Saltz, M.D., psychiatrist, psychoanalyst, columnist, and best-selling author

One small, actionable tip that you can easily integrate into your life for a healthier 2020 is to eat more fruit. Nine out of ten Americans do not eat the recommended amount of fruit per day according to the CDC. Whole fruit contains vitamins, minerals, antioxidants, phytochemicals, fiber, and most importantly, water.

At Mastering Diabetes, we consider water a micronutrient. The reason we do so is because much like vitamins and minerals, water assists in thousands of chemical reactions in your blood and in tissues, and is an underappreciated component of whole foods that rarely gets mentioned. Every second of every day, thousands of chemical reactions are taking place in your body simultaneously, and water is an essential participant that enables them to be carried out efficiently.

Water helps in many aspects of nutrient digestion and absorption. In your stomach, water helps unfold intact food material. In your small intestine, water helps digest and absorb glucose, fatty acids, and amino acids into your blood. In your large intestine, water plays a vital role in bulking your stool, feeding your microbiome, and helping to regulate the electrolyte balance in your blood.

Refined and processed foods are significantly lower in their water content than fruits. For example, cornflakes contain four percent of water by mass, and a typical whole-wheat bagel is 34 percent water by mass. On the other hand, fruits generally contain between 70 and 95 percent water by mass. This means that when you eat fruit, you actually eat water, which helps keep you hydrated and improves both mental and physical performance.

Robby Barbaro, M.P.H. and co-founder of Mastering Diabetes

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Secrets of Nutrition Resolutions That Stick - Thrive Global

HOW TO LOSE WEIGHT WITHOUT STRICTLY TRACKING CALORIES | Health & Nutrition – Mag The Weekly Magazine

Posted: December 16, 2019 at 4:42 pm

Weve all established that for fat loss, the only thing that matters is a caloric deficit which you achieve by weighing your food and tracking. To track your food efficiently, you have to cook your food yourself. While this isnt a problem for most, it can be quite challenging for students in hostels, people that work long hours or anyone that doesnt want to go through the stress of extreme tracking. Here are some great tips on how you can achieve a caloric deficit without strict tracking. All youre going to need is a free application called myfitnesspal, a kitchen scale to weight your food and a bathroom scale.

Focus on foods with fixed calories

There are a lot of foods that have set amounts and hence set calories for example eggs, bread slices, frozen foods, foods packaged in single servings. Adding these into your diet allow you to track your food without weighing them on a scale.

Meal prep is your best friend

For foods that need to be weighed like chicken, vegetables, rice, pasta etc, all you have to do is dedicate a few hours to meal prep for two weeks and youre sorted. Boil chicken and add 100g into packets, steam veggies and store in single servings, boil rice/pasta/cook a chapati in single servings and store them. Toss one serving of rice, one serving of veggies and one serving of chicken together in a lunch box, top with your favourite sauce and your meal is ready in less than three minutes. Alternatively, you can mix the boiled chicken with your favourite sauce and add into a sandwich with a side of veggies.

Frozen foods go a long way

If youre one of those people that cant manage meal prep, frozen foods have a large variety of protein options that you can use instead of chicken. They also have all the nutritional info mentioned on the box making them really easy to track.

International fast food chains

If you can order take out frequently, international fast food chains have all their nutritional info available on their websites through which you can track the foods you eat. Just remember to overestimate calories a bit since theyre not efficiently weighing all their portions.

A little uncertainty wont make much of a difference

Nutritional info for fruits is available by pieces. While Id prefer weighing in grams, it wont make enough of a difference to harm your progress even if youre tracking by pieces. Similarly, almost all vegetables are extremely low calorie. Estimating amounts with vegetables shouldnt make much of a difference either.

Sweet cravings

Now that meals are sorted, what do I do about deserts? Again, packaged goods! Chocolates, cupcakes, soft cakes, biscuits, basically anything with a label that you can track and youre good to go.

Fat loss requires consistency, dedication and most importantly no excuses. If youre determined, youll find a way no matter where you are or what you do.

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HOW TO LOSE WEIGHT WITHOUT STRICTLY TRACKING CALORIES | Health & Nutrition - Mag The Weekly Magazine


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