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A Diet For Your Pet? America’s Cats and Dogs Are Getting Fatter – kgw.com

Posted: June 27, 2017 at 9:41 am


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A Diet For Your Pet? America's Cats and Dogs Are Getting Fatter
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People aren't the only ones gaining extra pounds. Angeli Kakade (@angelikakade) has the scoop. KGW 4:48 AM. PDT June 27, 2017. SPONSOR CONTENT. Direct Expose · Elizabeth Shue Was Gorgeous in the 80s.. But What She Looks Like Today is ...

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A Diet For Your Pet? America's Cats and Dogs Are Getting Fatter - kgw.com

Could the hCG Diet Be ‘Life Threatening’? – Yahoo Health

Posted: June 27, 2017 at 9:41 am

If youre looking for a quick and effective way to lose weight, chances are youve heard about the hCG diet. The three-week crash diet promises to help people drop large amounts of weight with the aidof injections of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), a hormone produced by cells formed in the placenta during pregnancy that issaid to help reduce feelings of hunger, thus allowing people to eat very little.

The hormone is also said to keep dieters from losing muscle while calorie-cutting, despite their being unableto exercise during the diet, due to low energy levels. This is one reason for the hCG diets prominence, as muscle wasting is a common side effect in crash-diet weight loss. Supposedly, hCG helps to elevate levels of other hormones in the body, including testosterone, creating an anabolic (muscle-building) state to counteract muscle loss.

In other forms of the hCG diet, people use over-the-counter products such as drops to ingest the hormone. These products are illegal, however, and are not proven to raise blood levels of hCG, thus leaving dieters feeling hungry.

Critics argue that the 500-calorie-per-day intake is responsible for the drastic weight loss associated with the diet, not the hCG hormone itself. The diet requiresthat those 500 calories consist of only one vegetable per meal, prohibit the use of oil, and adhere to low-fat macronutrient ratios.

Dieters prepare with two days of fat loading and then cut out most fats, and they lose several pounds per day over the course of the diet. Despite the supposed metabolic reset that the diet claims to stimulate, dieters often report feeling weak while cutting calories and then struggling to maintain their weight loss after the diet ends.

Still, the hCG diet has gained cultlike support from people who lose large amounts of weight in very little time. Blogs with tips for effectively dieting using hCG and weight loss success stories nurture a community of fanatical dieters who swear by the hormone. Perhaps the most prominent of these blogs is writtenby Rayzel Lam, better known as HCG Chica, who lost more than50 pounds usinghCG injections and created a program to help people maintain their weight loss post-hCG diet.

To me, the hCG protocol is an extremely efficient use of your time and energy, Lam tells Yahoo Beauty. You focus on your weight loss for three to six weeks; then you can move to a maintenance level of eating and go back to focusing on the other important things in your life. If I can spend three to six weeks focusing on this weight loss and then go back to a maintenance level, rather than undereating for, say, six months to one year to lose that 15 to 20 pounds, for me this is a much more realistic approach psychologically.

https://www.instagram.com/p/BSCJklpXk/?taken-by=hcgchica&hl=en

Indeed, Lam admits that hCG fits the dictionary definition of a crash diet. The purpose of those who embark on this protocol is certainly to achieve rapid results, and it accomplishes that for most who do it, she says. The question is: Is that a bad thing?

Many health professionals would argue that crash dieting is indeed a bad thing. Aside from impacting your blood sugar and insulin levels in a negative way, the method of bingeing and skipping meals will also affect your mood, energy levels, and put you at an increased risk of getting headaches and dizziness, registered dietitian-nutritionistBeth Warrentells Yahoo Beauty. The eating behaviors also contribute to a poor relationship with food and promote bad eating behaviors that, over time, will contribute to weight gain and a greater difficulty in future weight loss.

Proponents of the diet are the first to admit that hCG is physically and emotionally draining, though. This protocol is difficult and can be taxing on the body, especially if done in an unwise way, says Lam, who used hCG injections without her doctors supervision. For instance, doing multiple rounds of the diet back to back without giving your body a nice break in between to balance out and normalize, or staying on the diet for too long a time.

Author, blogger, and registered nurse Lynette Sheppard agrees, explaining, There was one woman who was a cop who stopped after three days because she had brain fog and she suffered from really not feeling well. She had to be on top of it, shes a cop, so she had to stop.

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Despite using the hCG injections instead of the homeopathic drops that reportedly do not curb hunger, Sheppard felt physically drained throughout the diet, but not hungry. Its an easier diet to do if you work at home or you can take some time off. Some people feel great, they feel almost euphoric on it, but I did not. My holistic physician and his wife said they felt really great. I did not feel really great. I felt fine, but I didnt feel great, and I felt tired every afternoon. Sheppard, as a nurse, was able to administer her own injections with the approval of her doctor.

Still, Warren argues that too many doctors are willing to prescribe hCG without sufficient knowledge. Im seeing more often doctors that do not specialize in weight promoting the hCG diet and prescribing the shots. This is as unsafe as going to anyone who does not have the expertise and background in diet and weight loss, says Warren. The public should only seek out medical professionals, such as registered dietitians, who are experts in the weight loss area to ensure you reach your weight loss goals in a safe and sustainable manner. Just because a doctor has the ability to prescribe medications doesnt mean he or she has the qualifications necessary to do so.

And while many dieters report weight gain after returning to normal eating habits, some, like Lam, are certainly able to keep the weight off. I am approaching my five-year anniversary of maintaining my weight loss from hCG injections in November, says Lam. I have not done any diets since I finished losing that weight in November of 2012. I make small corrections of two to three pounds here and there when needed; that is all. I dont care what diet you research or how healthy the mainstream media thinks such a diet is, it is not common to find individuals who have been maintaining their weight loss this long. Lam also argues that injecting thehormone helped her to prevent muscle wasting during her weight loss, a theory that Warren does not believe is possible.

Sheppard did not have such luck with maintaining her 15-pound weight loss, though. I kept it off for a few years and then went to France. And you still need to eat properly afterwards; you can eat but you have to avoid a whole bunch of things like sugars and refined flour, she says. So yes, I put the weight back on. The next time she attempted to lose weight, she decided to forgo the hCG diet in favor of the Fast Metabolism diet, which she calls much more humane.

Still, Sheppard believes in the metabolic reset that the hCG diet is said to spur, though shes not convinced that it can help maintain weight loss in the long term. I think that any diet can actually reset your metabolism if you follow it as its designed, says Sheppard. I dont think its unique in that. I think it probably did do a reset, but does that reset last? That depends on how you eat after that, how you keep up with your exercise, and on a whole bunch of factors, she says.

But Warren insists that following the hCG diet as its designed is unsafe, and she believes that it actually slows the metabolism. The only way to make this diet healthier is to increase calories to a safe level, at about 1,200 per day. The hCG isnt shown to add benefit of causing any more weight loss than an otherwise balanced diet of a safe calorie restriction. In other words, to make the hCG diet safe, you will in essence not be doing the actual protocol.

And despite testimonials of success, Warren is not convinced that hCG can healthfully foster long-term weight loss. She says that hCG is not only an ineffective way to lose weight over time, but due to its muscle-wasting results and decrease in metabolism, it is dangerous and can be life threatening. Whether it be the unknown combinations inside the supplement [Ed. note: Saidsupplements are illegal], the heavy calorie restriction, the eating behaviors and foods recommended, or the overall diet, the hCG is one of the worst diets out there.

Extreme weight loss like Rayzel Lams speaks volumes about the power of calorie restriction, but the jury is still out on whether hCG injections and the entire hCG protocol are safe or effective.

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Could the hCG Diet Be 'Life Threatening'? - Yahoo Health

Meal Prepping May Actually Be Sabotaging Your Diet | HuffPost – HuffPost

Posted: June 27, 2017 at 9:41 am

Portioning your weekly meals into plastic or even BPA-free containers packs some major risks. Among them is weight gain.

If your Sunday nights are dedicated to meal prepping for the week ahead, youre part of a mighty group of health nuts.

The planning ahead of meals is a main tip of weight loss coaches, food bloggers and nutritionists.

Indeed, meal preppings popularity has exploded on social media. On Instagram alone there are 5.5 million photos tagged #mealprep and 1.1 million tagged #foodprep.

While perfectly portioned-out food for seven days does make for the perfect #foodporn snapshot, meal preppers are onto an idea that at least in concept is good for your diet, according to research.

People who spend more time preparing meals are more likely to have healthier diets, according to a 2014 study published in the American Journal of Preventive Medicine.

They eat more fresh fruits and vegetables.

They also eat at fast food restaurants only half as often as people who only spend less than an hour each day prepping and cooking their meals.

In addition, they spend less money on food.

More recently, a 2017 study of 40,000 adults in France found that people who meal prepped at least a few days at a time were less likely to be overweight and stuck more closely to nutritional guidelines.

The survey also found that meal prepping led to more food variety over the week.

Portion control is one key way food prepping helps people maintain a healthy weight or lose a few pounds.

A review of several studies around the role of portion control in weight management showed that eating the appropriate amount of food is directly linked.

One component of portion control that researchers stress is choosing the right portions of water-rich foods, like fruits and vegetables, and eating less energy-dense foods like most fast foods and candy.

If you prep your food, its easier to not only eat the right amount, but to avoid foods that are bad for you but oh-so-tempting.

However, if youre portioning food out into plastic containers, all of that healthy preparation could actually create a new barrier to staying trim.

Dr. Aly Cohen, a rheumatologist, as well as an integrative medicine and environmental health specialist who is on staff at the CentraState Medical Center, explained.

An effective diet is not just about healthy eating, managing sugar and carbohydrates, and exercise, she told Healthline. Reducing chemical exposure is also key because many of these chemicals can disrupt normal hormone function, impede weight loss, and even cause weight gain. Just because chemicals may not have an obvious effect, like causing a rash, doesnt mean they arent tinkering with your body.

Whipping up a big batch of healthy chili, scooping it out into several plastic containers, and quickly reheating it in the microwave come mealtime is one example of how a healthy meal prep turns into several dinners brimming with the harmful hormone-disrupting chemical bisphenol A (BPA).

BPA is found in polycarbonate plastic (plastic #7) and canned food linings, as well as many other things that we touch every day including our smartphones.

Most human exposure to BPA is through ingestion from canned products, but BPA can also be absorbed by touching paper that uses BPA to seal ink onto its surface [e.g., receipts, airplane and parking tickets, currency] and then touching your hands to your lips. BPA can also be absorbed in smaller amounts through the skin, Cohen said.

Cohen noted that BPA is pervasive 8 billion pounds of BPA are made every year since its one of the cheapest ways to make packaging.

BPA and if your plastic container is marked BPA-free similar, sometimes more harmful chemicals are lurking in your plastic food storage set of containers.

Heating up plastic containers by putting hot food in them or microwaving them can draw out BPA right into your food.

BPA was first discovered in 1891 and then rediscovered in 1936, according to Cohen.

It was used as an estrogen replacement drug for women, and it was also used to fatten poultry and cattle. In the 1940s it was discovered that linking the molecules together created a hard, clear, glass-like plastic, she said.

BPA can confuse the endocrine system, which regulates hormones, by mimicking estrogen.

Were regularly ingesting BPA, and therefore continually disrupting the messages that help our bodies function properly. In fact, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), more than 90 percent of people have detectable levels of BPA in their systems.

To date, nearly 100 studies have been published tying BPA to various health problems, from diabetes and cardiovascular disease to infertility, according to the Endocrine Society and IPENs Introduction to Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals.

Some other effects of too much BPA exposure are directly contrary to weight loss and healthy eating goals.

BPA passes through a persons system fairly quickly, but detoxifying still isnt easy.

Despite the fact that BPA has a short half-life of six hours, which means an exposure will wash out over a day or so, people continue to have high blood levels, Cohen noted.

There are two problems with BPA, added Laura Vandenberg, PhD, a spokesperson for the Endocrine Society, and an assistant professor of environmental health at the University of Massachusetts Amherst. One is that we are constantly exposed in our environment, so the levels never really seem to drop. Even in people that have been fasting, metabolite levels in urine are still detected. The second problem is that, if exposures occur during a vulnerable period of development, like fetal development, the effects can be permanent even if exposures cease.

For adult meal-planning fanatics, constant re-exposure to BPA may mean that meal prepping is actually sabotaging your diet.

BPA is so ubiquitous, that humans are continuously exposed, making BPA pseudo-persistent, Cohen said. Whats interesting in terms of weight is that BPA can turn stem cells into fat cells and make fat cells turn larger. Thats not great news for our waistlines let alone our overall health.

A study published in Environmental Health Perspectives in 2015 was the first study to prove that BPA-glucuronide (BPA-G), which accounts for 80 to 90 percent of the metabolites your liver produces when processing BPA, doesnt just get excreted from your body.

The researchers showed that BPA is an active agent that can prompt cells to become fat cells.

Thats not the only proven way that BPA exposure can interfere with your weight goals.

A recent study published in Endocrinology found that BPA exposure makes it much harder for you to feel full.

While meal prepping helps with portion control, the BPA in the plastic food storage containers may ironically be causing people to want to eat larger portions.

Even buying plastic containers marked BPA-free doesnt protect you from the harmful effects of plastic.

Some BPA-free products can actually release estrogen-simulating chemicals that are more potent than BPA.

Many products are now labeled BPA-free. However, BPA is often replaced with bisphenol S [BPS] and bisphenol F [BPF], which are less studied but appear to have similar hormone-disrupting effects, Rebecca Fuoco, MPH, director of Health Research Communication Strategies, told Healthline.

That means scientists and activists that study toxic chemicals like BPA and push to remove them from everyday products often end up spending a lot of time trying to figure out whats in the new compound.

When a chemical is found to be harmful, manufacturers change the molecule ever so slightly and put it out to market again, noted Cohen. From BPA came BPS, BPF, and BP-FB, which are molecules that have been found thus far to have more harmful effects than the chemical they were designed to replace also known as regrettable substitutions. Researchers are essentially playing whack-a-mole, because plastics and their ingredients are proprietary and considered trade secrets, so the recipes and ingredients are not shared with researchers or consumers.

In 2012, 4.7 million metric tons of BPA, valued at about $8 billion, was estimated to have been produced, according to GlobalData.

And reports of the harmful effects arent slowing production. The demand for BPA has risen 6 to 10 percent annually.

Oleoresin is a vegetable-based alternative that can add about two cents to the cost of manufacturing of cans, according to Cohen.

So far, it has only been used in a small percentage of cans on the market.

Our government has given more priority to manufacturers than to consumers. The vast majority of food packing ingredients are going out to market without ever being tested for toxicity, Cohen said.

In addition, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) still considers BPA to be safe, stating on its website that their research has showed that BPA is rapidly metabolized and eliminated through feces and urine.

On the other hand, regulatory agencies in Europe have recently re-evaluated BPA. Last week, there was widespread agreement by countries in the European Union that this chemical should be labeled a human endocrine disruptor.

For Americans, though, toxic chemicals like BPA remain a concern.

We shouldnt expect individual consumers to have detailed knowledge of chemistry to make safe decisions for themselves or their families. Safety decisions should be made by regulators using the best available evidence. I will continue to push for improved regulations that use modern data to protect public health, Vandenberg told Healthline.

Even though BPA-riddled plastic containers are out there, Vandenberg and Cohen noted that people can still make small changes over time that add up.

Here are some ways to ensure your food containers arent keeping you from losing weight.

Meal-prepping in plastic is still better than no meal prepping at all, if it helps you eat healthier.

These chemicals are ubiquitous theyre everywhere. You should do the best you can. Cutting chemicals out of your life is a journey, not a race. Every day I learn something new and try to add it into my life, Cohen said.

This story was originally published on Healthline.com.

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Meal Prepping May Actually Be Sabotaging Your Diet | HuffPost - HuffPost

Residents object to M-139 ‘diet’ plan – Herald Palladium

Posted: June 27, 2017 at 9:41 am

BERRIEN SPRINGS MDOTs plan to put M-139 on a road diet didnt go over well with residents Monday afternoon duringan open house at Oronoko Township Hall.

Michigan Department of Transportation officials announced the lane reduction plan earlier this month. Theyll decide later this summer whether to move forward with the project.

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Residents object to M-139 'diet' plan - Herald Palladium

Crash Diet Pricing: The E-commerce Path to Success – WWD

Posted: June 27, 2017 at 9:41 am

Mobile commerce is changing how retailers interact with consumers.

Shutterstock / GaudiLab

The online shopping space has become a complex paradox that fluctuates immensely between overstocking, price inflation and reactionary, constricted sales a method that few retailers and brands have mastered. This has created a market thats left even the heaviest hitters posting huge losses and in some cases shuttering hundreds of locations.

Though some are undeniably focused on how to navigate the future, theres a resounding, collective whiplash regarding how the retail market dug itself into this fiscal hole in the first place. Adobes May 2017 Digital Price Index for the apparel category draws a picture of the e-commerce space not only as the go-to for consumers, but also one that bloats prices and then constricts quickly. Its a crash diet of pricing and consumers are eating it up, much to the detriment of merchants that are facing a gap between online and in-store sales that's taking on black hole levels of enormity.

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Crash Diet Pricing: The E-commerce Path to Success - WWD

Genetic risk and poor diet could lead to memory loss – i Advance Senior Care

Posted: June 27, 2017 at 9:41 am

You are what you eat, and what you put in your mouth can affect your brain.

The same foods that are making Americans obese may also cause them to develop Alzheimers disease, according to a new study published in the journal eNeuro, the latest to explore the relationship between weight and memory loss.

Researchers at the University of Southern California Davis School of Gerontology studied the effects of a poor diet on mice. They found that a diet high in cholesterol, fat and sugar may increase likelihood of Alzheimers onset for those with a genetic risk.

What happens to you in life is a combination of the genes that you have, the environment and behaviors, such as diet, said Christian Pike, the lead author of the study and a USC Davis professor, in a press release. Our thinking is that the risk of Alzheimers associated with obesity is going to be regulated to some degree by the genes that we have.

Pike and his colleagues studied people with the ApoE4 and ApoE3, two gene variants for the protein apolipoprotein E. The protein binds fats and cholesterol and transports to the brain, among other systems. Previous research has linked the ApoE4 variant to increased inflammation, Alzheimers and cardiovascular disease.

Researchers put the mice on a diet for 12 weeks. Mice with ApoE4 were placed on a control diet that was 10 percent fat and 7 percent sucrose while another group of mice ate a Western diet that was 45 percent fat and 17 percent sucrose. A similar test was run on mice with ApoE3.

Mice with the variants that ate unhealthy diets gained weight and became pre-diabetic. Those with the ApoE4 variant on the Western diet developed the signature Alzheimers plaques. Mice with the ApoE3 did not see dementia symptoms worsen.

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Genetic risk and poor diet could lead to memory loss - i Advance Senior Care

Does dieting or fitness trackers work better for weight loss – Bangor Daily News

Posted: June 27, 2017 at 9:41 am

Its a growing trend in weight loss to give up monitoring food and counting calories in favor of technology. Wearable devices that track physical activity, heart rate, sleep patterns and more are used to lose weight. The question is, does it work?

In a one word answer No.

Tracking food on paper or digitally is the most effective way to monitor food to achieve weight loss.

One word answers, however, overlook the exceptions. In most cases an activity tracker doesnt deliver weight loss results to the same degree youll get from monitoring what you eat. It wont for most of us; it does for a few. Sometimes people gain weight because they all of the activity makes it feel okay to eat mindlessly.

Oh, theyre burning a lot of calories, all right, but theyre sadly underestimating how many calories theyre eating. The end result is not the calories deficit necessary to lose weight, but rather a calorie excess that adds more pounds.

Am I saying there is nothing useful about activity trackers and that people shouldnt waste their money on them? Heck no. They are a wise investment and a useful tool for weight loss, but their bigger value is as a tool for weight maintenance.

Weight loss is difficult for a lot of us. The more tools we have to help us, the more likely we will reach our goal. Tracking food remains the single, most important thing for successful weight loss. Weight loss is achieved by creating a calorie deficit, so anything that helps us with that is a useful tool. Activity burns calories and that supports the goal of a calorie deficit while allowing us to eat enough to stay satisfied.

Activity trackers fulfill another useful role. They provide visual proof that you are actively pursuing weight loss. That visual then boosts your confidence in your ability to succeed and further enhances your determination to stay on track with food monitoring. The confidence can get you through challenges that may otherwise make you give up on your goals.

I reached my goal in 1991 and have practiced maintenance ever since. I learned that if I make a point of staying active I can relax a bit with monitoring and tracking what I eat. An activity tracking device makes it easier to slip a lot more activity into my day.

I would go so far to say that monitoring food is the most important strategy to lose weight, andmonitoring activity is the most important strategy for maintaining a lower weight. The research conducted by the National Weight Control Registry (NWCR) seems to support my personal theory.

I use my iPhone to track my activity. Its not a great solution. A lot of the time I dont have it in my hand or pocket so any activity I get during those times isnt tracked.

A favorite way of mine to get exercise is by rowing. I dont want to tell you how many of my phones have taken a plunge into salt water. Sometimes they survive the immersion and sometimes they dont.

I stay active by engaging in activities I really enjoy. I often combine several favorite forms of exercise. I build and maintain muscle by rowing and burn calories by chasing my four-legged, living exercise machine (upper left)

Im going to get a wearable, but there are so many available that I want some help finding the one that is right for me. It definitely needs to be water-resistant and I have a few other requirements. If youre considering getting a fitness tracker and want to get the best fit for your needs and more for your money visit reviews.com to find the best fitness tracker.

My suggestion for best weight loss results is use your iPhone to track your food, and a fitness tracker to track your activity.

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Does dieting or fitness trackers work better for weight loss - Bangor Daily News

Shonda Rhimes opens up about weight loss… begrudgingly – EW.com

Posted: June 27, 2017 at 9:41 am

Shonda Rhimes knows she lost lots of weight. But she doesnt need you to remind her about it.

In her new Shondaland newsletter, the uber-producer behind Greys Anatomy and Scandal reflects on how her recent weight loss of closer to 150 lbs brought unwanted attention from women and men alike.

Women I barely knew gushed. And I mean GUSHED. Like I was holding-a-new-baby-gushed, Rhimes wrote. Only there was no new baby. It was just me. In a dress. With makeup on and my hair all did, yes. Butstill the same me. In one of my same dresses (cause why am I gonna buy a NEW dress when I can take this to a seamstress and she can just make it smaller? Who am I, The Crown? No, Im from the Midwest, baby, and I come with coupons). Women gushed anyway. And men? They spoke to me. THEY SPOKE TO ME. Like stood still and had long conversations with me about things. It was disconcerting. But even more disconcerting was that all these people suddenly felt completely comfortable talking to me about my body. Telling me I looked pretty or that they were proud of me or that wow, you are so hot now or you look amazing!'

Rhimes expresses confusion over how after I lost weight, I discovered that people found me valuable. Worthy of conversation. A person one could look at. A person one could compliment. A person one could admire.

You heard me. I discovered that NOW people saw me as a PERSON, she wrote. What the hell did they see me as before? How invisible was I to them then? How hard did they work to avoid me? What words did they use to describe me? What value did they put on my presence at a party, a lunch, a discussion? When I was fat, I wasnt a PERSON to these people. Like I had been an Invisible Woman who suddenly materialized in front of them. Poof! There I am. Thin and ready for a chat.

Rhimes goes on to say being thinner doesnt make you a different person. It just makes you thinner.

Rhimes uses her experience to talk about the latest book from Roxane Gay called Hunger: A Memoir of My Body.

Sign up for the Shondaland newsletter here.

Continued here:
Shonda Rhimes opens up about weight loss... begrudgingly - EW.com

Nanticoke to host weight-loss seminars – Milford Beacon

Posted: June 27, 2017 at 9:41 am

Submitted News

Nanticoke Weight Loss & General Surgery will host weight loss seminars at 5:30 p.m. July 5 and 10:30 a.m. July 15 at the Nanticoke Training Center, 121 S. Front St., Seaford.

The free seminars are designed to provide education to individuals considering weight loss surgery to help them make informed decisions on whether surgery is an appropriate option.

Obesity can lead to health problems, including diabetes, high blood pressure and sleep apnea. For those with morbid obesity, having a body mass index of 30 or above, it can also affect organs within the body. Patients are able to bring their BMI down through lifestyles changes under the care of their physician. For others who have not been able to achieve weight loss through these methods, bariatric surgery can be a method to lose weight and live a healthier lifestyle.

The weight loss seminars will include educational presentations by Tarek Waked to inform individuals about the benefits of weight loss surgery. Patients and their spouses, family members or friends are welcome to attend. Registration is not required.

For information, visit nanticokeweightloss.org or call 536-5395.

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Nanticoke to host weight-loss seminars - Milford Beacon

Despite the hype, intermittent fasting isn’t a magic weight-loss cure – The Spokesman-Review

Posted: June 27, 2017 at 9:41 am

Mon., June 26, 2017, 5:06 p.m.

I joined in a wave of the intermittent fasting trend about 10 years ago before I was a dietitian. Thats when most of the writings on the topic were in the form of blog posts and self-published PDF e-books. Today, a perusal of the Internet turns up several best-selling books extolling the benefits of intermittent fasting for weight loss and improvements in the metabolic risk factors that contribute to Type 2 diabetes and heart disease.

Then, and even now, the intermittent fasting hype was way ahead of the science. Most early research data came from animal studies, with human data coming from observations of participants of religious-based fasts or from small, short clinical studies. A systematic review published last year in the journal Nutrients looked at studies of at least six months that assigned adults with overweight or obese BMIs to either intermittent fasting or daily calorie restriction, and found no evidence that intermittent fasting was superior. The authors cited the need for longer, larger studies to assess sustainability and effects on weight maintenance.

So I was eager to read the results of a study published in the May issue of JAMA Internal Medicine that was longer and larger, enrolling 100 participants for a year six months of weight loss and six of weight maintenance. Researchers randomly assigned metabolically healthy adults ages 18 to 64 who had BMIs in the obese category to an alternate-day energy restriction group, a daily-calorie-restriction group or a control group whose members ate their usual diet.

Researchers found that the intermittent fasters had a harder time following their diets and were more likely to drop out than daily calorie restrictors. Weight loss and weight regain were similar between the dieting groups, as were changes to fat and lean tissue which is significant, because one intermittent fasting claim is that it leads to less muscle loss than traditional calorie-restrictive diets. Reduction of cardiovascular risk factors, including blood pressure, cholesterol and triglycerides, were also similar between the two dieting groups. The conclusion? Intermittent fasting was no better, and no worse, than a standard, calorie-restrictive diet.

Although no one study should be taken as a be-all, end-all answer, the results add substance to what previous research studies have overwhelmingly found.

The JAMA study used alternate-day energy restriction for the fasting group, whose members ate one meal containing 25 percent of their usual daily intake on fasting days and feasted on 125 percent of their usual daily intake on the other days, for an average 25 percent calorie reduction. The calorie-restriction group reduced calories by 25 percent each day, spread over three meals. Participants started out sedentary, and researchers asked them not to increase activity.

The takeaway? Intermittent fasting may actually be less sustainable in the long term for most people than daily caloric restriction, which itself is not sustainable, as the majority of people who lose weight on calorie-restrictive diets regain the weight, sometimes repeatedly, as with yo-yo dieting. The authors questioned whether there was a difference in perceived hunger or actual levels of appetite-related hormones between intermittent fasters and calorie restrictors. The answer is no, according to a small study published in April in the journal Clinical Nutrition. Researchers found that neither method has an advantage for weight loss or for lessening the bodys means of compensating for perceived starvation, which include slowing the metabolism and increasing levels of the hunger hormone ghrelin.

I tolerated the hunger that ebbed and flowed on fasting days and wasnt ravenous when it was time to eat, but not everyone has that experience. I stopped doing intermittent fasting when I went back to grad school to study nutrition because I had a hard time focusing on fasting days. My brain needed regular fuel. Today, I know that restrictive diets dont work, regardless of the form. Despite the hype, intermittent fasting isnt a magic bullet its plain old calorie restriction in a new outfit.

Dennett is a registered dietitian nutritionist and owner of Nutrition by Carrie. She lives in the Seattle area.

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Despite the hype, intermittent fasting isn't a magic weight-loss cure - The Spokesman-Review


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