In a 2016 analysis of data from 18,000 kindergarten and elementary students, Workman, the education sociologist, calculated that their obesity rate increased by 0.85 percent every month they were out of school, or roughly 2 to 3 percent per summer. The students lost some weight when they returned to classrooms, but not enough to reverse the summer gains. Overall, the obesity rate rose more than 1 percent every calendar year.

This year, he projected the health impact of the pandemic by doubling that out-of-school time. According to his estimates, five months of school closures would raise the childhood obesity rate in America by 4.25 percentage points. That figure does not account for the fact that many childrens out-of-school time has in fact quadrupled. Nor does it consider the impact that pandemic-induced food insecurity may have on weight gain. For those reasons, the projection, however staggering, is likely a conservative one.

That is kind of a baseline of what we might expect, given the best of conditions, Workman said. But then you have the additional context of the pandemic, which I think would probably push it even higher than a normal summer break being doubled.

But it wont be all children who gain that weight. Andrew Rundle, a Columbia University epidemiologist, points to studies that show children of color tend to gain more weight during the summer than their white counterparts. The summer, he said, is when their weight gain tracks diverge, before realigning and running parallel again during the school year. Over time, those bumps add up, and drive permanent disparities between the groups.

For that reason, he expects the pandemic, insofar as it resembles the summer, to worsen the divide. According to the most recent data from the Centers for Disease Control, nearly 22 percent of Black children and 26 percent of Latinx children were obese before the pandemic, compared to 14 percent of white children. The new rates cant be known until after children return to schools, Rundle said. But no matter the numbers, its almost certain that the pandemics health impacts will be unequal.

We know what happens during a normal summer, and were arguing that this is equivalent to a completely abnormal summer that is three or four times longer than a regular summer, Rundle said. Anything I say about how big that difference will be is a complete guess. But if you look at the trends, and think through what the drivers are, youre going to expect a magnification of these disparities.

Researchers are confident that obesity rates have risen during the pandemic, but the long-term trends remain unclear.

Ohri-Vachaspati, the nutrition professor, knows from research like Workmans that childrens weight does tend to drop, however slightly, during the school year. But, she predicts, the length and duration of the pandemic summer likely means a permanent, long-term hike. In two years, she predicts, our hypothesis is that the obesity rates will be higher than they are today. Even if the weights start to come down, they will not come down to the pre-pandemic area, she said.

Of course, thats just her hypothesis. Workmans analyses of summer weight gain are based on studies of elementary students; what happens to middle and high schoolers during the summer isnt as clear. Schools have never been closed this long, and this extended period of heightened food insecurity may result in changes that no one can foresee. Still, its likely that when the pandemic ends, schools and communities will need concerted efforts to counter the obesity trends that worsened while students were stuck at home.

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The childhood obesity crisis started before Covid-19. The pandemic has made it much worse. - The Counter

The following are the core muscles, located in the bodys trunk:

According to Harvard Medical School, strengthening the core muscles can help:

Having a routine that includes some of the following exercises may help strengthen and stabilize the core and improve mobility.

The American Council on Exercise (ACE) recommend starting with exercises that help build core stability before moving onto those that improve mobility, such as exercises called mountain climbers.

Below, we list ACE-approved core exercises, starting with those for beginners. We also give tips to make these exercises more challenging.

This also helps strengthen muscles in the lower back, hips, and buttocks. The muscles of the buttocks are called the gluteal muscles, or glutes.

To perform the bridge:

Intermediate: While lifting the hips, raise the right foot off the floor until the knee is at a 90-degree angle from the hip. Alternate legs for 20 repetitions.

Advanced: Use a resistance band around the hips, securing the band to the floor with your hands. This will make the muscles work harder.

These help engage the core muscles while strengthening the glutes, hips, and legs.

To perform toe taps:

This strengthens the abdominal muscles, shoulders, back, glutes, and legs.

To perform the high plank:

Intermediate (elbow plank): Instead of resting the weight on the hands, lower the forearms to the floor so that the arms form a right angle to the floor. Move the feet closer to the body. Hold the position for 30 seconds. Repeat 3 sets of 12.

Advanced (side plank): Lie on one side, with the elbow directly beneath the shoulder and the forearm flat against the floor. The legs should be slightly bent.

Using the oblique muscles, lift the hips to form a straight line, with one leg balanced atop the other. Raise the free arm straight up in the air, holding the position for as long as possible without losing balance at least 30 seconds. Repeat 3 sets of 12.

This exercise strengthens the abdominal and back muscles by challenging stability.

To perform the bird dog:

Intermediate: Once in position, with the right leg and left arm extended, draw these limbs in beneath the abdomen until they are as close to each other as possible. Then extend them to the starting position. Hold this for 30 seconds. Perform 12 repetitions per set for up to 3 sets.

Advanced: Use a resistance band around the feet to work the glutes harder.

These help strengthen the core, lower back muscles, and obliques.

To perform abdominal crunches:

Intermediate: Begin in the same position, but instead of keeping the feet flat on the floor, raise them toward the chest while curling the torso toward the thighs.

Advanced: Hold a weighted medicine ball to the chest while curling the torso upward. Swivel left and right, bringing the ball across the body, before returning to the starting position.

This is one of the most effective intermediate exercises for strengthening the rectus abdominis, also known as the six-pack.

To perform bicycle crunches:

These work the abdominal muscles, glutes, thighs, and quads.

To perform warrior crunches:

This exercise strengthens the abdominal muscles as well as the shoulders, hips, hamstrings, and triceps.

To perform mountain climbers:

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The best core exercises for all fitness levels, at home and at the gym - Medical News Today

Can we all agree that 2020 was a stressful year? So perhaps it comes as no surprise that there has been an uptick in people reporting hair loss, which can be triggered by stress, among other things.

To shed some light on how to best treat shedding hairs, we spoke to two board-certified dermatologistsAnnie Chiu, who is the founder of The Derm Institute in Los Angeles and Tess Mauricio in Beverly Hills, and Dr. Sophia Kogan, co-founder and Chief Medical Advisor of Nutrafolas well as Jen Atkin, a celebrity hairstylist, for some advice.

For starters, youve got to try and relax as much as you can. Right now [due to COVID-19], we are living through a prolonged period of stressful events, so this type of stress-induced hair loss is occurring at a higher rate than usual, explains Chiu. Time almost always helps, but in the meantime, you can find ways to help you manage your stress, like journaling, aromatherapy, taking long baths, and drinking chamomile tea.

Kogan also recommends incorporating activities like reading a book, meditating, yoga and dance into your day. Stress can be a trigger for hair thinning in many people, particularly women who tend to be more sensitive to its effects. Incorporating stress reduction techniques into your routine can do wonders for your body, mind and hair health.

When you are experiencing telogen effluvium, or sudden hair loss due to physical or mental stress to your body, its important to supply it with a well-balanced diet, says Chiu. Iron and biotin in particularly are very important. I also like collagen, overall vitamins, as well as saw palmetto extract.

You should also check your shampoos and other styling products. Chiu recommends staying away from drying and harsh ingredients like denatured alcohol and heavy silicones that can cause breakage and weigh your hair down. And avoid heat-styling your hair and being too rough with it when brushing. Both can lead to more breakage, which amplifies the look of hair loss.

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Another consideration from Atkin: Switch to using a silk pillowcase, because ordinary pillowcases (which are typically made of other fabrics like cotton) can cause your hair to pull and tangle while you sleep. Also, its important to care for your hair with weekly masks and trims every three or so months to keep the ends healthy and prevent any splitting.

The ingredients to look for can vary based on the specific needs of an individual, and I always recommend consulting with your physician before adding anything new to your routine, cautions Kogan. Given the proliferation of products available to us, "its important to note that not all vitamins and supplements are created equal, so you want to pay close attention to the sourcing, quality and dosage of the ingredients contained in the products you are ingesting," she adds.

With that said, Mauricio shared some ingredients that have been shown to help with hair health and growth:

Hydrolyzed Collagen: Collagen is not only important for healthy skin, but it is also important for healthy hair. It works to build keratin (the protein that makes up most of your hair) and increases blood circulation to the scalp. This process helps create new hair follicles and also repairs and strengthens damaged or thinning hair.

What results can you realistically expect from taking hair growth vitamins or supplements?

Most people report that their ponytail is thicker than it was previously and that their hair is growing much faster, says Chiu. However, all of the experts we interviewed agree that there is no single miracle cure for hair thinning and loss and treating it is a long game that requires patience and consistency.

Any product that claims to cure hair loss overnight or in a number of weeks should be viewed with skepticism, adds Kogan. Supplements can support hair growth and help build healthier hair, but they cannot bring dead follicles back to life. Nothing can.

When we are young and healthy, hair follicles contain and produce multiple hairs at once. With age, hair quality and growth can change due to multiple factors, explains Kogan. In some people, hair follicles can shrink, go dormant, die and then be replaced. Some dormant follicles have potential for regrowth, but others do not. A board-certified dermatologist can help distinguish what type of hair disorder is present and what may help.

Bottom line: Healthy hair growth is a slow and steady process that can be supported by promoting wellness from within the body, which is where supplements and vitamins come in. On their own, they dont solve the issue of hair loss, but they can support growth by creating an optimal environment for hair health and by targeting the underlying causes of hair thinning such as stress, hormones, gut health, nutrition and other environmental factors.

Because of the hair cycle (on average, your hair grows up to one inch in two months), it may take a few months before you see results from taking hair supplements, says Mauricio. There is no instant gratification. You have to be dedicated and patient.

The exact timeline varies from person to person, but ideally youll see results within six months, says Chiu, at which point youll notice more baby hairs coming in and your scalp will be less visible.

These supplements are best for people experiencing sudden hair loss due to a temporary shock to their body, whether its from stress, illness (like a bad cold or flu), or post-partum. If youre experiencing hair loss due to a more serious issue, supplements might help but its best to consult your physician first.

If you have any food allergies, I would take caution, says Chiu. For some people, biotin supplements can lead to acne. Also, if youre getting bloodwork done for anything, let your physician know that you are currently taking biotin as it can interfere with certain lab tests, she adds. Depending on the test, your physician may ask that you stop to ensure accurate results.

Kogan, who is the co-founder and Chief Medical Advisor of Nutrafol (a hair supplement), cautions that it's for adult use only and also recommends that pregnant or breastfeeding women refrain from taking [their] supplements. We likewise recommend that anyone on medications (especially blood thinners) or with medical conditions check with their primary care physician before starting a new supplement regimen.

Mauricio agrees, adding that because there are many reasons for hair loss and thinning, which can include underlying medical conditions, its important to consult with your doctor because treating the underlying condition can result in the reversal of hair loss altogether.

Topical scalp serums like Foligains Triple Action Hair Total Solution can help stimulate follicles to help with hair growth, says Chiu. And if seeing a board-certified dermatologist is an option, Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP) injections can be effective for many types of hair loss.

Luckily, this is a growing field. We now have many more potential treatments for hair loss than ever before, says Mauricio. In addition to nutritional supplements, there are prescription medications like Finasteride, topical treatments like Rogaine and exosomes, at-home laser devices, and regenerative therapies like the use of patients own growth factors from platelet-rich plasma, platelet-rich fibrin matrix, and fat-derived stem cells. When used in combination, you can get the best results.

Ready to shop some expert picks ahead?

The Cult Favorite

Mauricio recommends Viviscal, which is scientifically formulated with AminoMar, an exclusive marine complex that helps to nourish thinning hair from within and promote existing hair growth. Along with AminoMar, it also contains a few key nutrients that are essential for healthy hair growth, including biotin and vitamin C.

Buy it ($40)

Best Shampoo

For a drug-free option, you can always start with a topical product like Foligain shampoo first. It removes any build-up, which makes your hair look fuller, and uses a proprietary blend called Trioxidil, which includes natural botanic extract [like biotin and fruit stem cells] to improve scalp and hair health, says Chiu.

Buy it ($20)

Pro Pick

With over 3,000 physicians and hair care professionals who recommend Nutrafol (including Chiu and Kogan), this daily supplement is formulated with potent, bioactive phytonutrients that have been clinically studied and shown to be effective in improving hair growth at three to six months. Included ingredients like Sensoril Ashwagandha (shown to balance stress hormones) and Marine Collagen (which provides amino acids as building blocks of keratin), all work in tandem to support hair growth. Secondary benefits include stronger nails, improved sleep, less stress and more energy.

Buy it ($88)

Celebrity Favorite

Speaking of ashwagandha extract, another popular pick is Atkins Ouai Thin Hair supplements, which includes the stress-reducing ingredient (Remember: stress is major contributor to hair loss) as well as, biotin, fish oil and vitamin E to support healthier, shinier hair.

Buy it ($28)

Best Multivitamin

In addition to maintaining a clean, healthy scalp, hair growth starts from within, says Atkin. Keeping a healthy diet and exercising are essential for growing out your strands and adding a multivitamin to your routine can further increase the nutrients your body needs to promote hair growth.

Buy it ($13)

Best Biotin

Biotin is perhaps the best-known ingredient for hair growth. As a refresher from Mauricio earlier, it protects and helps rebuild hair from damage due to over-styling or environmental conditions. These gummies feature the star ingredient, as well as, folic acid, vitamins B-5, 6 and 12 and zinc to balance and maintain scalp health. (The strawberry flavor makes them more palatable than most weve tried and any vegans who are reading this will be happy to know that the gummies are gelatin-free.)

Buy it ($28)

Best for Destressing

If youve read this far, you know that stress is the ultimate hair killer, which is why this supplement includes adaptogenic ingredients in the form of ashwagandha and ginseng to help balance and reduce the effects of stress, which can contribute to hair loss. Add to that the aforementioned biotin and saw palmetto (which has been shown to naturally block certain hormones that cause hair loss) and supportive vitamins like A, B, C, D, E, and K, its a multivitamin-meets-stress-supplement.

Buy it ($60)

Best for Shine

As a source of Omega-3 fatty acids, flaxseed oil promotes a healthy scalp and improves the shine and appearance of hair, says Mauricio. These 1000 mg soft gels make it easier to add more of the good stuff to your diet. Note that while flaxseed oil is well-tolerated by most, too much of it (i.e., more than whats directed on the label) can cause gastrointestinal issues for some. If youre on certain medications (like blood-thinners or blood sugar lowering medications), make sure to check with your doctor before adding these to your diet, as they might have contraindications.

Buy it ($16)

Best Collagen

Though the verdict is still out on whether or not ingestible collagen has any significant difference on your hair and skin (there are studies that show that it doesnt make it past your GI tract), they are generally considered safe and anecdotally, there are many users (including none other than Jen Aniston) who swear by it. Of the collagen supplements available, we like this unflavored powder because its easy to add to your morning smoothie, coffee, or tea. We also appreciate that this formula includes vitamin C and has no added sugars or sweeteners.

Buy it ($43)

RELATED: Why Is My Hair Thinning and What Can I Do About It?

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The 9 Best Hair Growth Products That Work, According to Dermatologists - Yahoo Lifestyle

BY RICHARD LALIBERTE

Even if you dont have a medical problem, its helpful to get a checkup annually, says internal medicine physician Jodi Lenko, MD, with LVPG Internal MedicineAlliance Drive in Hazle Township. A primary care physician looks at aspects of health that a specialist may not emphasize, such as weight, diet, exercise, sleeping patterns, smoking cessation, and mental health.

Solve mysteries

Common and troubling symptoms can be caused by a range of problems, and PCPs sleuth out other evidence to discover underlying issues. One of the biggest complaints is fatigue, says family medicine physician Kenneth Sharp, DO, with LVPG Family Medicine Lehighton. I make sure theres not a reason like anemia, infection, thyroid dysfunction, diabetes or Lyme disease. If everything seems normal, we direct the conversation to things like activity, diet, and weight.

Every visit will entail basic checks of blood pressure and weight, along with relevant conversations about diet, exercise, and smoking. Your PCP also will keep tabs on whether youre up to date on immunizations, including flu shots.

Keep abreast of changes

Your doctor may notice shifts in your appearance that you dont. When you see yourself every day, you often dont notice gradual changes, but theyll stand out to me, Sharp says. Guide-lines also change. For example, theres a new shingles vaccine, andthe recommendation now is to get it at 50, not 60, Lenko says.

Seeing the same doctor consistently fosters a relationship that facilitates better care. Ive seen some patients from childhood through adulthood, and Im in tune with their entire health history, Sharp says. I know my patients better than any other care provider.

Monitor your test timetable

Screenings such as colonoscopies, mammograms and blood tests for cholesterol, glucose, and others can vary by age, family history, previous findings, and overall health. Your physician will discuss appropriate tests to order or not, Lenko says. You shouldnt have to worry about tracking everything thats our job.

Simplify your care

People often dont know what kind of doctor to see, and I can help direct them, Sharp says. A person who is short of breath may assume they need a lung doctor but a heart issue is more likely. In many cases, a primary care doctor can provide the care you need.

Refer you to specialists

Specialists focus on an area of expertise. But your primary care doctor knows the big picture of what is happening in your overall health, Lenko says. We help connect doctors and put everything together, so nothing is missed, especially as you get older and health issues get more complicated.

In cases where a specialist can help, your primary care doctor can facilitate expert treatment, often in areas such as cardiology, oncology, orthopedics, rheumatology, endocrinology, and behavioral health. We work closely with other doctors and in many cases have completed first steps that are helpful when you see a specialist, Lenko says.

Provide a variety of care

Primary care physicians all provide excellent general medicine and similar services, but you may prefer one type of doctor over another depending on his or her approach. Internal medicine and family medicine physicians both provide wide-ranging care for adults. Adults who see an internal medicine doctor may take their kids to see a pediatrician, who provides general care specifically for children. Family medicine doctors focus on the entire family, including children. My patients often include multiple members of the same family, Sharp says. A PCP almost becomes part of the family.

Need a new primary care provider? Find one atLVHN.org/find-a-doctor. Already have one?Make an appointment with your LVPG physician through MyLVHN or call 888-402-LVHN (5846) to schedule today.

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The #1 Health Move to Make in 2021 - LVHN News

Dental care remains critical for tens of millions of Americans, even during the pandemic. More than one-quarter of U.S. adults live with untreated tooth decay, with nearly half of adults over 30 showing signs of gum disease. And nearly 1 in 4 adults report having felt pain in or around their mouth in the past year.

Poor oral health is associated with numerous chronic diseases, including heart disease and diabetes. These problems pose an immediate health risk and require urgent care. Yet, less urgent dental conditions can have long-term negative effects as well.

But how can you visit your dentist during a pandemic? As a professor, I can tell you that dentists have made many changes to the way your care is provided to improve safety. You should still go, but if you are high risk, you should discuss with your dentist first. Here are some things you need to know and do before visiting.

With dentists worldwide postponing nonurgent dental treatment, your home care is your first line of defense. Consuming carbohydrates and the subsequent secretion of acid by oral bacteria is what causes tooth decay. Chronic inflammation of the tissues supporting your teeth is called gum, or periodontal, disease. Both conditions are exacerbated by poor diet, tobacco use, a weakened immune system and poor oral hygiene.

You can battle all of these things by controlling dental plaque - the soft, sticky material on teeth and gums consisting of saliva, food debris and bacteria. Plaque taht remains on teeth for a period of time will form tartar (dental calculus), further promoting bacterial biofilms ecosystems of bacteria that cause dental problems.

To remove biofilms and plaque, and prevent tartar formation, you must clean all surfaces of the teeth and gums. That means brushing teeth for two minutes, twice a day, using a soft-bristled toothbrush with a fluoride-containing toothpaste. You must also clean the spaces in-between teeth once a day, typically with dental floss.

Studies show an electric toothbrush is more effective at cleaning teeth and gums that a manual one. An alcohol-free mouth rinse helps too, but is not a substitute for brushing or flossing. Over-the-counter mouth rinses with fluoride are available for those at higher risk for tooth decay.

You can also improve oral health with your diet. Limit sugar intake, along with other carbohydrate-containing foods and drinks, such as sodas, fruit juices, sweetened coffee and tea, and candy. You dont have to completely avoid their consumption, of course, but cutting back on both can be extremely beneficial. Avoid hard and sticky foods that can break teeth and dental work.

COVID-19s psychological impact has had many indirect effects on oral health. Medications prescribed for depression and anxiety are known to cause dry mouth, which harms oral health. Increased anxiety is linked to bruxism, the clenching or grinding of teeth. More tobacco and alcohol use are not good for your teeth. Poorer diet can lead to many health problems such as gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), which can damage teeth.

Oral pain may indicate an infection; take it seriously. Broken teeth and dental work are other examples of dental emergencies. In the early weeks of the pandemic, many states mandated the restriction of all non-emergency dental procedures. In response, the University of Florida College of Dentistry, along with many other care providers, instituted teledentistry services. This remote, virtual consultation with a dental professional is one way to help you decide whether to delay care or to visit a dentist.

If you have a loose or failing dental work, try to keep the area clean without further dislodging it. Usually its helpful to insert floss around a loose restoration, then gently pull the floss through to the side, to avoid lifting broken dental work out of place. A completely debonded crown can sometimes be temporarily recemented with over-the-counter dental cements or even toothpaste. A teledentistry consultation can help determine if this is appropriate.

A few rare oral problems can constitute life-threatening emergencies. If you have difficulty breathing or swallowing, or uncontrolled bleeding in or around the mouth, seek immediate emergency care. Extreme pain or a high fever associated with dental problems also requires immediate attention.

For decades dental professionals have been sterilizing instruments and disinfecting surfaces. Early reports show a lower COVID-19 prevalence among U.S. dentists than in the general public. With COVID-19, additional precautions are needed. Patients should ask their dentists if they are taking these precautions.

Heres a brief checklist: First, your dentists office should screen you and other patients for COVID-19 symptoms. The office may call you in the days leading up to your appointment to make sure you dont have symptoms. You may be asked to come to your appointment alone, wear a mask, and wash your hands while at the office.

When you arrive, you may be asked to wait outside or in your car until your appointment time. Waiting areas should have fewer chairs, all properly spaced. All magazines and toys should be removed.

Dental staff should wear appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE), including an N95 mask, along with protective gowns, head coverings, gloves, and face shields. Disposable barriers should cover commonly touched surfaces. Air quality controls, such as HEPA filters, single-pass air circulation, and negative pressure should be in use; they help to contain any aerosols generated during dental procedures.

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You may be asked to rinse your mouth with a solution containing diluted hydrogen peroxide. This will decrease the viral load prior to your dental procedure. High-volume evacuation, more commonly known as dental suction, should be used for all procedures that may generate aerosols.

The good news is this: the new safety measures now in place may be sufficient to prevent infection in dental settings. Still, you must consult with a dental professional to help determine the need for treatment. Ass the COVID-19 pandemic evolves, and new research becomes available, expect more changes at your dentists office.

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Tooth or consequences: Even during a pandemic avoiding the dentist can be bad for your oral health - The Conversation US