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How TikTok became a hotbed of pro-anorexic videos and severely underweight influencers promoting – The Sun

Posted: November 5, 2020 at 1:56 am

DANCING shyly, popular teenager Amy* is just one of the 800million TikTok users who love performing for the camera but her moves arent the first thing you notice.

Painfully skinny, the bones on her bare legs jut out, and on closer inspection it becomes clear shes in hospital an inpatient recovering from a serious eating disorder and regularly posting about her experiences.

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While her account is based on her recovery, her 50k followers are shown regular images of her gaunt, unwell body and detailed videos about her diet which, while innocently intentioned, are the type of content experts warn can still expose users struggling with their own disorders to "triggering" content which "glamorises" eating disorders.

TikTok's community guidelines prohibit content that seeks to promote or glorify eating disorders, and the company says such videos will be removed.

But Amy's posts are just the tip of the iceberg.

Dig a little deeper, and a sinister underlayer of purposefully cruel videos telling teens to starve themselves and restrict their diets are easily accessible, and can even creep up on peoples TikTok feeds randomly.

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Tragically, eating disorders are all too common, with approximately 1.25million people in the UK suffering from one, according to charity Beat, and there has long been an issue with social media users being subjected to potentially harmful and exacerbating content.

Its a particular problem on TikTok because the For You feed shows users a random mix of videos using an algorithm, which means even if you dont follow any eating disorder content, you may scroll on to it anyway accidentally.

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Forty one per cent of TikToks 800million users are between the age of 16 and 24," explains Kerrie Jones, clinical director and founder of eating disorder clinic Orri.

"This is important because it is also the typical age bracket where people are vulnerable to developing eating disorders and the lack of content regulation and the use of algorithms that deliver content automatically means that people are at risk of consuming harmful content without even actively looking for it.

The rise of our influencer generation means that theres a risk of romanticising and even glorifying eating disorders with content that focuses on food, eating and exercise habits.

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This type of content can exacerbate someones existing eating disorder symptoms keeping them trapped in the cycle of their illness or encourage those who are vulnerable to engaging with an unhealthy relationship to food and exercise.

Call centre worker India Edmonds, 22, from Brighton, knows exactly how damaging it can be.

She developed an eating disorder when she was 14, and at the height of it was using social media to find thinspiration photos, weighed just six stone, was admitted to hospital and almost died.

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For me, the illness hasnt completely gone and I still get thoughts about my weight and what I eat, but with treatment I can cope with it now and have learned to live with it and it doesnt control my life anymore," she says.

Social media can have such a negative impact on people with eating disorders, and with TikTok you dont need to even look for it - it just comes up on your feed, which could easily be triggering. You cant control it.

Its hard when you constantly see videos of people who seem so perfect - its easy to compare yourself to them. Because videos can just pop up on your feed, it can be difficult to ignore."

Due to the competitive nature of eating disorders, seeing other people talking about their experiences is enough to remind India of how she felt at the depths of her problem.

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She says: If I see videos of people with eating disorders I do end up clicking on them and looking at their profile. It makes me think about it a lot more, and it sounds odd but sometimes makes me miss it - for me it was about weight and being small and I sometimes compare myself to them without even realising.

Id prefer to choose what I watch. A couple of weeks ago a video popped up made by a girl who was an inpatient on a psych ward and she was glamorising it and I didnt agree with that - she made it look fun which could be so damaging for people watching.

It reminded me of my own experience, and was upsetting. I come across a lot all the time on social media. Sometimes it feels its just to get the likes or views.

Even for someone who doesnt have an eating disorder, young teens who are easily influenced - it would easily put the idea into their head and think they could do it too.

While TikTok has taken action to ban certain hashtags such as anorexia and bulimia, many users keen to view eating disorder content simply use common misspellings of these terms that still return examples of harmful eating disorder videos.

It doesnt take long to find intentionally sinister content.

One user promises to post: "thinspo, meanspo and fatphobia interact to starve, and says: Skip dinner, wake up thinner.

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One post by a "pro ana" user, liked nearly 1,000 times, recommends a ten day diet plan that varies between eating absolutely nothing to eating a maximum of 200 calories a day.

Another user, who recommends exercising five hours a day, posts a picture of a girls midriff, with the caption: If your ribs arent showing you arent trying hard enough.

Fans write in and give their height and weight, and the account writes back to tell them how much weight they need to lose.

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While this is obviously sinister content, the line between normal and "harmful content" is far from obvious too.

Videos that at first glance seem positive or harmless can also trigger those with an eating disorder, and sometimes even popular influencers play a role in this.

Doctor Aragona Giuseppe, medical advisor at Prescription Doctor, says: The most damaging [content] is of course is the pro-ana content but also even a person posting their diet plan or their what I eat in a day can have hugely damaging effects on a young person, because they start to believe that they should also be limiting their intake of food also.

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The obsession with weight and losing weight has always been apparent, however, it is becoming heightened by TikTok because it appears so normal as well as people being able to access this type of content 24/7.

The what I eat in a day hashtag has been viewed over 3.3billion times, with users posting everything theyve eaten over a 24-hour period, with diet versions often focusing on calorie counts.

One user posting under the what I eat in a day hashtag states they have been eating 300-600 calories max and in one day states lunch was five snow peas, 20cal, and a slice of toast with cheese, 177cal and for dinner six chicken nuggets, 306cal and four french fries, 32cal.

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There is also an eating disorder version of the hashtag, 'what I eat in a day in recovery', which has been viewed 280,000 times.

Care worker Sarah* works at a psychiatric hospital on an eating disorder ward which supports young girls between the ages of 12 and 18, and has seen how damaging these videos can be first-hand.

Its such a competitive illness

She says: One 15-year-old patient who was admitted recently said she found TikTok especially triggering during lockdown, especially the what I eat in a day videos which show peoples weight loss food diaries.

"Its such a competitive illness if she saw someones diet was less than what she ate, she felt like she needed to do the same, or less.

"Its extremely damaging.

This is where the content influencers post plays a pivotal role.

One user with just under 50,000 followers describes themselves as into fashion, fitness and lifestyle, and posted a "ten weight loss tips" video recommending drinking lots of water before meals because youll be less hungry, and also recommends drinking lots of caffeine and intermittent fasting.

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The video was posted using a series of contradictory, common hashtags including "healthy living", "lose weight fast" and "fasting for weight loss".

Thank you so much!!! Ive been waiting for this video for months now and it was SO HELPFUL! one user commented, while others were quick to condemn the advice, saying: Just stop, youre sending a really bad message to young girls.

Theres also a new influx in positive eating disorder influencer accounts users who document their recovery with the aim to help others, but also still inadvertently post content that could trigger other users.

One such account with 15,000 followers shows a girl acting out a scene from when she was in an eating disorder ward, and hiding her breakfast up her sleeve to trick the nurses into thinking shed eaten.

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The video was liked over 220,000 times, with one viewer commenting: Do you know how many young impressionable girls are on this app seeing this?!

Writer Eve Simmons, 29, had an eating disorder in her early twenties, and was admitted to hospital aged 23.

Speaking about triggering videos on social media, she says: Theyre abhorrent and incredibly damaging, not only to people who have had eating disorders but also people whore vulnerable to developing them, which could be anyone really.

I didnt look at content like that because for me it wasnt about the way I looked - it was trying to maintain control over my life, which happened via food.

All of the stuff out there, online or on TV - everything can be a trigger when youre in that head space, even the smallest things can be a trigger. So imagine what its like when you have actual people in eating disorder units with their emaciated bodies posting pictures of their food.

The thing that also really gets me is influencers who perhaps have recovered from their eating disorder and are body positive but are still extremely thin and are still reiterating the very destructive messages but are more disguised because they dont look so gaunt and unwell now.

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"We know that there are positive recovery communities out there which some of our beneficiaries have found helpful it can be very encouraging to hear stories from people who were previously unwell and are now thriving," says Beat's director of external affairs, Tom Quinn.

We would encourage those making positive videos to avoid mentioning specific weights or BMI, or showing photos of themselves when unwell, as although these are well-intended they can be triggering for people currently ill.

Signs and symptoms of anorexia

A TikTok spokesperson told The Sun Online that the platform "was built to provide a positive place for creativity, and we prioritise the safety and wellbeing of our users".

"Content that supports or encourages eating disorders is strictly against our community guidelines and will be removed," the spokesperson added.

"However for some users, TikTok provides a forum to share their experience of living with or recovering from an eating disorder and expression of this nature is permitted.

"This is a complex and multi-faceted issue and we work each day to ensure that we are growing our policies and practices to keep our community safe."

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So, what more do experts think should be done?

"We recognise there have been steps taken to limit the spread of so-called 'pro-ana' or 'pro-mia' content, such as blocking certain hashtags," says Beat's Tom Quinn.

However, from the amount of triggering videos still live it's also clear that people have been getting around this.

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We believe there are further measures that still need to be introduced, such as getting real people to filter out harmful content."

The charity also advises users to take breaks from social media, an idea backed by other experts, with Dr Giuseppe adding: These types of apps are essentially brainwashing tools and the more time people spend watching this type of harmful content the more likely they are to believe that this is normal and of course it will likely trigger eating and body disorders as well as fuel obsession with the way people look.

*Names have been changed.

If you're affected or need advice, please visit Beat's website, or call their helpline number 0808 801 0677.

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How TikTok became a hotbed of pro-anorexic videos and severely underweight influencers promoting - The Sun

How to Follow a Low FODMAP Diet to Cure Bloat, IBS and More – The Beet

Posted: November 5, 2020 at 1:55 am

Thoughno one likes to talk about it, roughly60 to 70 million Americans suffer from digestive problems and while doctors havetrouble diagnosing exactly what's causing the issue, there is one way to ease symptoms and relieve pain, called a "low-FODMAP diet." Essentially this is a way of eliminating foods that may be the likely culprit, to see if symptoms clear up as the result of this diet change.

Digestive problems can be linked to food intolerances or allergiesthat may be near-impossible to detect by blood work or an allergy "scratch" test. That's why more medical professionals are suggesting anyone with issues try the low-FODMAP diet as a natural way to alleviate symptoms, before adding back in food groups one by one, to figure out which food groupis the worst offender.Following a low-FODMAP diet has been effective in "up to 86% of patients with IBS find improvement in overall gastrointestinal symptoms as well as individual symptoms such as abdominal pain, bloating, constipation, diarrhea, abdominal distention, and flatulence following the diet," according to astudy.

The low-FODMAP diet has been used by medical professionalsin recent years to help patients suffering from gastrointestinal disorders, such as Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS), which is a catch-all phrase for anything that causes gastro distress, or Celiac Disease, which is an allergy to gluten, the protein that is found in wheat products.

FODMAP, which stands forFermentable Oligosaccharides,Disaccharides,Monosaccharides andPolyols, are naturally occurring sugar molecules in the fruits, vegetables,and legumes that the body has trouble digesting.

Foods that need to be eliminated on a low-FODMAP diet include:

In order to not eliminate everything all at once (and have little plant-based foods to choose from), doctors suggest eliminating one FODMAP food group at a time, such as not eating fruit one day and then cutting out dairy the next, until your body tells you what it is that has been causing the bloat and gastric distress. Here is the list of FODMAP foods to eliminate:

Eating a diet highin FODMAP foods, such as sugar, starch, and fiber, can lead to gas,bloat, and stomach pain or diarrhea. This is because the small intestine (which lies below the stomach and above the large intestine) has troublebreaking down these types of foods, leadingthe body to try even harder, and increasing the amount of fluid it secretes inan effort to break down the sugar and fiber. The combination of gas in your stomach and excess digestive fluid leads people to experience bloat and pain and resultsin "poor digestion."

The goal of a low-FODMAP diet is to eliminate foods one by one until youfind thetrigger food (or foods)causingyour pain.Those suffering from nonstop stomach pain relating to food sensitives or allergiesshould reach out to a doctor since there could be serious causes not related todiet, and doctors recommend not doing a low-FODMAP diet for longer than six weeks. Here is how to do it, according toMonash University, a top university in Australia.

Once you pinpoint the aggravating foods, youshould be able to get back to a less restrictive diet, which is important since many of these FODMAP foods are full of healthy nutrients and should not be avoided for long if they don't cause gastro distress.

A low-FODMAP diet means cutting back on fiber-rich foods butthat doesn't mean you can't eat any fruits or vegetables. Plant-based foods that classify as low-FODMAP include soy, dairy-free milk alternatives, grains, nuts, seeds, and certain legumes.The goal is to find foods that are easy to digest and don't harm your gut or identify methods that allow you to eat whole food without suffering. "Eating cooked food seems to be easier to digest," even those foods that cause issues for some people, according to Dr. Angie Sadeghi, a specialist in gastroenterologybased in Newport Beach, California,on a recent webinar hosted by Forks Over Knives on the topic of How to Eat to Beat IBS and Heal Your Gut.

As you eliminate healthy whole foods like legumes or cruciferous vegetables, if you find that they are not the cause of your problems, re-introduce them since the healthy fiber, protein, antioxidants, and nutrients are key to eating a healthy plant-based diet. So try incorporating small amounts of these healthy whole foods back into your diet in small amounts of about 1/4 of a cup daily, according to the Monash University plan.

Fiber foods are essential for a healthy gut and should be slowly increased back into your diet points out Dr. Sadeghi, who adds that eating a low-FODMAPdiet can cause more problems than it cures.

"I am not a fan of low-FODMAP for your health, because the foods you eliminate are good for us. You may be hurting your gut, not helping it," says Dr.Sadeghi.She recommendscutting dairy out of your diet before any other food, which has helped many of her patients manage their symptoms.

One caveat: People use a low-FODMAP diet asa restrictive way of eatingora type of disordered eating, which is why doctors don't recommend it for longer than six weeks. "As a restrictive diet, the low-FODMAP diet carries risks of nutritional inadequacy and of fostering disordered eating, which has received little attention," according to astudy on the controversial nature of the diet.As foods are eliminated,the dieter is deprived of vital nutrients found in whole foods.Low-FODMAP dieting is meant to be a short-term approach that doesn't restricteatingbut helps find the food(s) to avoid and ease IBS symptoms or pain.

To follow the low-FODMAP plan you should avoid mostlegumes but you can havesmall amounts of butter beans, chickpeas, lentils, and lima beans since these are not 1/4 of a cup daily.

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How to Follow a Low FODMAP Diet to Cure Bloat, IBS and More - The Beet

Early Evidence Shows Fasting, Keto Diet May Make Chemo and Some Other Cancer Treatments More Effective and Easier to Tolerate – Curetoday.com

Posted: November 5, 2020 at 1:55 am

Jocelyn Aguilar felt bad enough after the first of a scheduled four rounds of chemotherapy that she thought about quitting.

She had no detectable cancer after undergoing double mastectomy for breast cancer, so the chemotherapy was an optional treatment that Aguilar, age 37 when diagnosed in October 2019, had chosen to reduce the risk of recurrence.

She ultimately decided to continue because, starting with her next round of chemotherapy, she was going to help test a counterintuitive-but-promising strategy for reducing chemotherapys side effects and increasing its cancer-fighting power: a very low-calorie diet designed to mimic the effects of fasting.

On weeks (when) I was due to receive chemo that Friday, I got four boxes of food labeled Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday and Friday. The only food I ate those days came from that days box. On Saturday morning, I woke up and eased myself back into normal eating, says Aguilar, a nurse who works at the University of Southern California (USC), where the trial took place.

The pain I experienced with that first round of chemo, before the fasting, was so terrible that I didnt think I could go on, says Aguilar, who described the sensation as aches and pains all over her body. With the fast, there were still some effects, but they were not nearly as bad. It was a huge difference.

Aguilar says that her food boxes each contained about 300 calories worth of plant-based food. The diet is billed by its distributor as containing micro- and macronutrients that are nourishing but not recognized as food by the body, which mimics fasting.

Its hard to imagine a more counterintuitive cancer treatment than fasting why deprive the body of vital nutrients when it would seem to need them most? but a growing body of research suggests that fasting decreases the toxicity of cancer treatments and may increase their efficacy too.

Some evidence also shows that a ketogenic diet, which deprives the body of carbohydrates rather than all calories, may increase the efficacy of some cancer treatments. In fact, there is even some thought that the two diets may help prevent cancer, although evidence for this is currently limited.

When it comes to supplementing cancer therapies, the benefits of either dietary intervention also have yet to be definitively proven unless youre a mouse. The animal data for fasting, which started in our lab but is now coming from many labs, is extraordinary. Its hard to think of anything in the past, ever, that has done better, says Valter Longo, who holds a doctorate in biochemistry and is the Edna M. Jones Professor of Gerontology and Biological Sciences and the director of the Longevity Institute at the USC Leonard Davis School of Gerontology.

Healthy cells and tumor cells respond differently to fasting. Healthy cells shut down their growth-promoting pathways shortly after the food stops coming in and focus on cell repair. Cancer cells, on the other hand, rarely slow their unrestrained growth enough to engage in this self-protective behavior.

Fasting thus increases the ability of healthy cells to withstand stressors such as chemotherapyor radiotherapy, but it leaves cancer cells, which suddenly have less nutritional support to sustain their rapid growth, unusually weak and vulnerable.

Fasting also depletes stored carbohydrates. Normal cells can adapt to this by running mostly on two fat-derived energy sources fatty acids and ketones but cancer cells are far more reliant on sugars, starches and the insulin that drives them into cells.

Most of the mouse studies to date have assessed fastings effect on chemotherapy or radiotherapy, but at least one study has found that a low-calorie fasting- mimicking diet (FMD) plus simple vitamin C can slow the progression of KRAS-mutated colon cancer. Another study, this one published in the prestigious journal Nature, found that both fasting and a FMD increased and extended the efficacy of the hormonal treatments tamoxifen and Faslodex (fulvestrant) in mouse models of hormone-receptor-positive breast cancer.

The first clinical trial of short-term fasting in humans, which was published in 2009, reported results in 10 patients with various types of cancer. It found that fasting reduced chemotherapy-related toxicities fatigue, weakness and gastrointestinal side effects in the six patients who fasted 48 to 140 hours before and five to 56 hours after some (but not all) of their chemotherapy sessions.

Several other trials in humans, all of them following small patient populations for short periods of time, have also found that fasting reduced treatment-related toxicities such as fatigue or DNA damage in healthy cells. For example, one Dutch trial assigned six patients with breast cancer to follow normal dietary guidelines and seven others to fast 24 hours before and after chemotherapy. Nonhematological toxicity did not differ between the two groups, but the researchers found evidence that fasting reduced bone marrow toxicity and reduced chemotherapy-induced DNA damage in some healthy blood cells.

Data from several of these small trials also suggested that fasting increased treatment efficacy, but none of them were large enough (or lasted long enough) to prove that fasting extended patients survival. There is even less evidence to support the use of fasting or the ketogenic diet in combination with immunotherapy treatments, although that remains a tantalizing possibility.

The only large trial in humans to have reported results so far was inconclusive for a somewhat unexpected reason.

Investigators randomly assigned 131 Dutch women, all of whom were slated to receive chemotherapy for stage 2/3 HER2-negative breast cancer, either to eat according to standard guidelines or to follow the FMD. Sixty-six of the women were assigned to follow the FMD but, unfortunately, so few actually complied that it was impossible to evaluate the diets effects. Just 32% of women in the fasting group fasted before at least half of their chemotherapy cycles, and just 24% of them fasted before all of them.

Patient noncompliance was particularly disappointing because the FMD was designed by Longo who has a financial interest in a company that sells FMD meal kits as a less demanding way to get all the effects of a true, zero-calorie fast.

It wasnt easy, says Aguilar, but it was doable. Im not normally a healthy eater, and I was being given steroids at the time, so my appetite was out of control, but I still managed it because it reduced the pain so much.

Hopefully, patients in several other large studies, all of which are nearing their scheduled completion dates, will comply with fasting protocols well enough to help researchers determine whether short-term fasting can extend life, reduce treatment toxicity or both for patients with glioblastoma, non-small cell lung cancer, lung adenocarcinoma, ovarian cancer, breast cancer and colorectal cancer.

Positive results could change standards of care for all those tumor types within the next couple of years.

For patients who cant wait that long to select their treatment plan, the obvious question is whether they should ask their oncologists about starting now with short- term fasts or the FMD.

Some experts believe its too early to use fasting anywhere outside of clinical trials.Indeed, a group of Italian clinicians recently published a letter in Nature Reviews Cancer that cautioned against what they perceive as excessive enthusiasm about fastings potential benefits and insufficient caution about its potential to harm some patients.

It is worrying that the application of fasting in oncology has been prematurely reported by the media as a potential advance in medical oncology, to the point where FMD kits have recently been commercialized, the clinicians wrote. These may negatively interfere with cancer care, as patients at risk of malnutrition or sarcopenia (muscle loss) could autonomously decrease protein-calorie intake during treatment.

Longo agrees that neither malnourished patients nor those who are responding to their current treatment should try fasting or the FMD outside of clinical trials. However, he believes the data from both animal models and early human trials are strong enough to make fasting an option when approved treatments stop working.

I think (the evidence so far) is enough for an oncologist to say, Look, your therapy isnt working. Im out of options here. This fasting-mimicking diet is so effective in mice. Why dont we give it a shot? You have to understand there are risks, but you also have to understand that were out of options. That conversation would be appropriate now, Longo says.

Fasting isnt the only way to drive blood sugar and insulin down. Patients can achieve nearly equivalent reductions by following a ketogenic diet that provides about 80% of calories from fat, 12% from protein and 8% from carbohydrates.

Low sugar consumption means low blood sugar, which, in turn, means low levels of insulin a hormone secreted by the pancreas to drive sugar into muscles and fuel their growth and/or activity. Healthy tissue, as mentioned before, can adapt to deriving nearly all its energy fromfat, although many people feel pretty drained for a week or so at the beginning of that adjustment. (This lousy feeling is known as keto flu.) Many tumors, on the other hand, seem far less able to overcome their dependence on insulin and sugar (aka glucose).

Weve known for 100 years that cancer cells take up glucose at a much higher rate than do the normal tissues from which those cancer cells emerge, says Lewis Cantley, who holds a doctorate in biophysical chemistry and is the Meyer Director of the Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center and a professor of cancer biology in medicine at Weill Cornell Medical College.

This does not mean that patients can starve their tumors to death simply by following ketogenic diets, but it has led many researchers to speculate that adding a ketogenic diet to standard treatment protocols might increase the efficacy of many of those regimens.

It has been difficult to test this theory, however. Because no pharmaceutical company canpatent a ketogenic diet, no one has a financial incentive to spend the millions of dollars that largestudies cost. Instead, studies get funded through the National Institutes of Health and foundation grants. Tests of FMDs face the same issue.

The ketogenic diet also runs into the same problem that makes it hard to test fasting: patient compliance. Indeed, researchers who work for the Department of Veterans Affairs in Pittsburgh enrolled 11 patients with cancer in a 16-week trial of the ketogenic diet. Only four of them actually followed the diet all 16 weeks.

In spite of the challenges, several recent discoveries suggest that ketogenic diets may be particularly helpful for certain cancer treatments helpful enough to drive funding and convince patients to follow the diet.

Cantley discovered a previously unknown link between sugar, insulin and cancer growth more than three decades ago: an enzyme called phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) that helps drive sugar into cells. Mutations in the genes that regulate PI3K causing an increase in PI3K activity are among the most common of all cancer mutations.

His discovery eventually led to the creation of PI3K- inhibiting medications, three of which have been approved for the treatment of several cancers. But all three have a big drawback.

When you give patients a PI3 kinase inhibitor, which hits the same enzyme that propagates the insulin response, you get the unsurprising result that the patient instantly becomes insulin resistant. Many of the patients in the trials of these drugs had to drop out because of high blood sugar, Cantley says.

Extra insulin, whether created by the body in response to rising blood sugar or deliberately injected, will solve the problem by driving the sugar into muscles, but it also drives sugar into tumors and destroys treatment efficacy.

Cantleys team hypothesized that PI3K inhibitors would be far safer and more effective if used in combination with some tool that would control blood sugar without driving it into tissues. They saw dramatically improved results in mice when they paired PI3K inhibitors with a class of diabetes medications called SGLT2 inhibitors, which reduce the bodys absorption of glucose via the kidneys so that excess glucose is excreted through the urine. Results were better still when they fed mice a ketogenic diet.

Blood sugar levels hardly went up. Insulin levels hardly went up. Tumors melted away, says Cantley, who also has a financial interest in a company that makes prepackaged meals for patients with cancer. Every tumor we tried essentially disappeared whenever we gave a PI3 kinase inhibitor with a ketogenic diet.

A large human trial will compare the current standard for using PI3K inhibitors against treatment plans that combine PI3K inhibitors with either SGLT2 inhibitors or a ketogenic diet. The ongoing global pandemic delayed the trial for several months, but enrollment has now begun.

And its not the only trial thats testing the ketogenic diets effect on cancer treatments. At least 18 other such studies are either recruiting patients or preparing to do so.

The whole thing comes down to energy. Without energy, nothing can grow, says Thomas N. Seyfried, who holds a doctorate in genetics and biochemistry and is a biology professor at Boston College who studies how metabolic therapies such as a ketogenic diet can affect cancer and other diseases. Tumor cells make energy by fermenting glucose and the amino acid glutamine. If we restrict the availability of glucose and glutamine, this will create tremendous metabolic stress on the tumor cells.

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Early Evidence Shows Fasting, Keto Diet May Make Chemo and Some Other Cancer Treatments More Effective and Easier to Tolerate - Curetoday.com

Gayle King went on a 5-day fast diet to fit into her yellow election night dress: ‘The results are in!’ – Yahoo Sports

Posted: November 5, 2020 at 1:55 am

After fasting for five days, Gayle King pulled an all-nighter all while wearing her favorite yellow dress.

The journalist, who covered the 2020 election on live TV, shared that after finishing Tuesday nights election coverage, that went well into Wednesday, she didnt have time to go home before her call-time for her CBS This Morning hosting duties. Marathon hours means no time to go home to change, she wrote on Instagram, noting that she slept for 45 minutes on a couch in the office. TV news so glamorous!

King didnt change into pajamas for her power nap. Rather, she stayed in the dress to rest and then woke up and went back to work.

King staying in her dress may have been a necessity but its clear shes not exactly mad about getting to show off her look two days in a row. Why? Because she put in the work to look and feel her best in, as she called it, THEEE yellow dress aka Elex nite dress!

The 65-year-old shared ahead of Tuesdays broadcast that she had been on a five-day soup fast in order to fit in the dress and lost more than 7 pounds. While theres no questioning that King looks fantastic in the yellow mustard dress, a color that she frequently wears, it might be fair to question if her methodology for fitting into the dress was actually healthy for her.

So what is a soup diet? Well, as you may have guessed, its a diet where you only eat soup, usually in hopes of losing weight quickly. It can certainly be an effective strategy but its not exactly a sustainable way to keep off weight and get healthy.

"The concept of eating soup to lose weight has spanned decades, but experts say an all-soup diet lacks nutrients and is not sustainable, Chrissy Carroll, RD, MPH told Very Well Fit. They do agree it can be smart to eat vegetable-packed soups for some meals though, as these are filling, nutrient-dense, and low in calories."

Why is it not sustainable? A few reasons. First, if taken to extremes, a soup diet could lead to a dangerously low daily caloric intake, which comes with all sorts of risks, including increasing stress levels, not meeting your nutrient needs and slowing your metabolism. A soup diet can also reduce your intake of grains and fruits, which are both recommended as part of a balanced diet.

Fortunately, it seems unlikely that King is going to adopt the soup diet as a permanent part of her life, as she has spoken openly in the past about how she is not willing to go to extremes when it comes to her diet.

Some people dont eat pasta or bread or sweets ever, she said in O, The Magazine. I love those foods too much. So for the most part, I eat healthy, but if I go to a party or on vacation, Im going to enjoy it; then I work extra hard to get back to where I was.

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Gayle King went on a 5-day fast diet to fit into her yellow election night dress: 'The results are in!' - Yahoo Sports

Boost Your Immunity With This Here Comes The Sun Diet Supplement – Men’s Journal

Posted: November 5, 2020 at 1:55 am

Mens Journal aims to feature only the best products and services. We update when possible, but deals expire and prices can change. If you buy something via one of our links, we may earn a commission.Questions? Reach us at [emailprotected].

2020 has gone in such a way that most people have been staying inside as often as possible. Which means that people arent going out and getting the sun they need. Especially as the weather gets colder, you wont go out as often. Which is why you need the Here Comes The Sun Diet Supplement in your life.

When you need some dietary supplements that help to boost your bodys health, Hum Nutrition is the place to go. So many great options that are made from all-natural ingredients. That way you get nothing but the best inside you. And the Here Comes The Sun Diet Supplement is a perfect example of the quality.

What you get when you take the Here Comes The Sun Diet Supplement is pretty much explained in the name. You get all the nutrients that you get from sunlight, but without the harmful UV rays hitting your skin. Itll make it a whole lot easier to stay inside with these in the home.

Inside the Here Comes The Sun Diet Supplement is Vitamin D3. Thats it. All you need is right there. Vitamin D3 is the active form, which is what the body uses more efficiently. With plenty of D3 in your system, you will see an increase in bone strength, immunity strength, heart health, and muscle retention.

All you need to do is take 1 soft-gel a day, at any time with food. And then, the Here Comes The Sun Diet Supplement is doing the good work. So if you want to stay healthy and limber indoors while its cold out, you should pick up a bottle now. Itll do your body a whole lot of good.

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This is the best food to fight inflammation – Times of India

Posted: November 5, 2020 at 1:55 am

There are two types of inflammation, one acts as a defence mechanism of the body, while the other is the slow one that continues working in the background. The latter type of inflammation is bad for the body and is called chronic inflammation. Chronic inflammation over time can take a toll on your health.Chronic inflammation can up your risk of developing serious diseases like diabetes, heart disease, cancer, autoimmune disease, depression, arthritis, Parkinson's and Alzheimer's disease. Chronic inflammation has no visible symptoms and thus is hard to be detected. But there is no harm in being proactive and simply eating a diet that reduces inflammation. Here is the best food that can reduce chronic inflammation in the body.

Best food to reduce inflammationAs per experts, omega 3 does wonders in reducing inflammation. Eating foods rich in omega 3 like salmon and other oily fatty fish is your best bet to combat chronic inflammation.

The EPS and DHA in omega 3 play a role in preventing pro-inflammatory compounds and inflammatory processes and encourages the production of anti-inflammatory compounds.

Studies have shown that taking omega 3 supplements help combat inflammation related to conditions to rheumatoid arthritis, Crohn's lupus, type 1 diabetes, asthma, psoriasis, heart disease and more.

Various other researchers have shown that taking omega 3 supplements for four months lowered the inflammation in middle-aged and older adults.

Not just foods rich in omega 3, there are 3 other foods that can help combat inflammation. These include leafy greens, cruciferous vegetables and berries. Including leafy greens in your daily diet and having berries several times a week can also help.

Having leafy green vegetables regularly can lower the risk of heart disease, type 2 diabetes, cancers and brain deterioration. Add 6 cups of different green vegetables like lettuce, spinach, kale etc in your weekly diet.

According to a study, people who ate 2 cups of cruciferous vegetables a day for two weeks, saw an improvement in inflammatory markers.

Aim for at least 5 servings of vegetables like broccoli, sprouts, cauliflower, cabbage, kale, bok choy, arugula and radish

Blueberries, strawberries, raspberries, cranberries and blackberries are packed with antioxidants and anthocyanins, which fight the free radical that promote inflammation. Aim for having at least two cups of berries per week.

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This is the best food to fight inflammation - Times of India

Nearing 24 hours of election coverage, TV news anchors are running on fumes and Diet Coke – Poynter

Posted: November 5, 2020 at 1:55 am

Do these folks ever sleep? Thats the question we all had as we tuned into network coverage of this Election Day Continued.

Many saw anchors such as NBCs Lester Holt and ABCs George Stephanopoulos when they shut off their TVs late Tuesday night and then saw them again when they turned on their TVs Wednesday morning.

Consider this exchange on Fox News when Dana Perino asked Bill Hemmer if he got any sleep.

Hemmer said, Forty-five minutes. What about you?

Perino said, I doubled that. But I have to tell you, that hour-and-a-half sleep that I had was like nothing I think I dont think Ive ever experienced a deep sleep like that.

Hemmer said, Were running on fumes. The thing about our industry Dana, and you know it very well, when there is information, when there is data, when the story is changing, you can run on adrenaline for a long time. Its those periods where you hit the walls and nothing is new and you start to think Hmm, whats next? And thats when you feel it.

But all on-air personalities on all networks seemed to be going strong, even in the middle of the night, even after 16 or 17 hours of being on the air. Holt told me last week that he was bringing an extra suit, and by Wednesday morning, he had changed into that suit.

Steve Kornacki, MSNBCs map guy, had been up for more than 24 hours, according to The Washington Posts Jeremy Barr. Kornacki even posted a video on Twitter to thank everyone for their kind words. Barr also reported that CNNs map guru, John King, left the studio at 4 a.m. Wednesday morning, slept for about two hours and then was back on the air by 11 a.m. As I mentioned above, Hemmer slept for 45 minutes, as did NBCs Chuck Todd.

How do they do it? Sounds like lots of caffeine is involved. Kornacki told GQs Gabriella Paiella before the coverage that hes all about the Diet Cokes.

Way too many and too many to count, Kornacki told Paniella. On a normal day, Ill have a couple. But on election night, I just keep it nearby and Im just kind of regularly using it. These days (people) all tell you, Oh, do you know whats in that? And I say, Well, no I dont.

Poynter is providing around-the-clock coverage and analysis of the 2020 election.Follow along on our live blogfor more.

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Nearing 24 hours of election coverage, TV news anchors are running on fumes and Diet Coke - Poynter

Building Resilience: Five Simple Steps to Thrive – Flagstaff Business & Online News | Northern Arizona Local Newspaper – Flagstaff Business News

Posted: November 5, 2020 at 1:55 am

My friends, winter is coming. Between flu season and being in the midst of a global pandemic, its really easy to get sucked into the fear narrative, get angry at the behaviors of others, and feel powerless to do anything.

Realistically, none of us can control other peoples behavior. We cant stop people from having big family gatherings, packing bars or attending large events. We cant control whether or not people practice social distancing or mask wearing, either.

But, do you know what you can do? You can be cautious with your own behavior and you can take control over your own health and build resiliency. Because, real talk, many of us will contract COVID-19 or influenza. Its our job and our responsibility to make sure our health is in tip-top shape so that our immune systems can tackle any virus that comes along.

So, how does someone go about building resilience? These are the top five strategies I use with both myself and my patients.

Take out the dietary trash. Food plays a huge role in, well, everything! Generally, I advise patients to eat food that looks like it did when it came from the farm. Or at least as close as you can get. If you need a chemistry degree to read a food label, look for something that is closer to real food, because what you have in your hand is too processed. Soda (regular and diet) and sugary foods need to go out the door, too. And alcohol has been a big problem for many people ever since our movements have been more restricted by the pandemic. It needs to be used minimally, if at all.

Get moving. Body composition plays a large role in the inflammatory and immune response. Adipose (fat) cells are, by nature, more inflammatory and people with a lot of adipose tissue will have a poorer response to both influenza and COVID-19 infection. Building muscle and losing fat can be a huge benefit for the immune system and pretty much any system in the body. There are a few exceptions, but I recommend at least a few sessions with a personal trainer for patients so that they dont injure themselves in the pursuit of fitness. Luckily, we have many fantastic personal trainers in Flagstaff who can get you off the couch and moving.

Modulate your stress response. Feeling fearful and stressed can contribute to depression and anxiety, tank the immune system, and contribute to weight gain. Those fight or flight hormones arent designed to be elevated all the time, but we have a lot of tripwires in our world that will trigger stress and fear. Common triggers are social media, news intake, school and work. Take a good look at your triggers, because some are controllable and some arent. Do you need a social media fast? News diet? Or do you need to see a counselor or other health professional to learn some tools to manage how you respond to work or school stress?

Socialize. We humans are social animals and our immune systems know it! Too much time alone isnt healthy for humans and there are safe ways to socialize in the midst of a pandemic. I have heard some great ways that my patients have been able to get creative and see family and friends safely. Being outdoors and distanced is a pretty simple and relatively safe way to maintain those vital connections.

Targeted nutrients can help. I cant recommend nutrients in this article, but I do recommend nutrients for patients if they have any gaps in their diet or they need specialized support. I do a detailed intake on patients before putting them on supplements or medications. But, I will say this, because I can never say it enough: You cant out-supplement or out-medicate a poor diet and lifestyle.

I want to finish this article by telling you about a patient I recently saw who really impressed me as an example of building resilience by taking a few simple steps. I saw this patients annual blood work results before she came in for her visit and her labs were greatly improved over the previous years labs. Her inflammatory markers were lower, her Vitamin D levels were improved, and her blood sugar had decreased. I was excited to speak with her and hear what changes she had made. When she got to my office for her physical, I found she had lost 50 pounds! Want to know how she did it? She cut sugar, including soda, out of her diet and started walking every day. Thats it. Those two simple changes she made drastically increase her chances of surviving COVID-19 or influenza if she ends up being exposed. I know you can get your health house in order and build resilience, too! FBN

By Amber Belt, ND

Amber Belt, N.D. is a naturopathic physician with sharp regenerative injection skills, a roller derby enthusiast, a business owner, an animal lover and a Flagstaff devotee. She has been performing regenerative injections for 12 years and can be contacted via aspenmedcenter.com or at 928-213-5828.

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Tips to improve your life with a healthy lifestyle Film Daily – Film Daily

Posted: November 5, 2020 at 1:55 am

Are you fed up with restless nights and drowsy days? Does life seem to have come at a standstill, and nothing improves or gets worse? Has your happiness become a little less joyful? Are you frequently feeling under the cloud?

If your answer to two or more of these questions is yes, then youre at the right place looking for answers. But before we move any forward, pat yourself on the back for trying to improve. Most people dont even do that!

Health and lifestyle are more interconnected than you know. Improving one naturally improves the other, but how do you do that? Well, its not that easy, and its not that difficult either. Its how you look at it. And to make it easier for you to improve your health and lifestyle, here are a few tips that will be of help.

Declining health and lifestyle are indicators of a lack of motivation. And to make any changes in your lifestyle, you need a solid source of inspiration. Your motivation may come from your family, yourself, or your career, but it has to be something.

You arrive at his point in life for different reasons. Maybe youve lost a motivating force in life (breakup or separation), or youve achieved the goals you had set for yourself. So, what now?

In either case, you need to set a different source of motivation for yourself. Instead of spiraling in negative thoughts and emotions, make out what you really want. Do you dream of buying a fancy house in the better parts of town? Or is it a new car that you cant get your mind off? Or is it to settle down in life and start a family?

The thing that you want the most right now is ideal to find motivation for. Once you have your eyes on the prize, you will be much more focused and determined to make your way. And this is what will bring a shift in your lifestyle. Before all else, such motivation will drive you to improve other aspects of your life as well. It causes a chain reaction and is your first step towards improvement.

Coming over to taking care of your health, nothing fits in perfectly than exercise and working out. Research shows that people who exercise daily live better and fulfilled lives. And that can be attributed to the numerous health benefits it has. It is a major lifestyle change and positive in all entirety.

When you lose motivation in life and welcome stress, your physical activity sees a decline as well. Instead of walking, you prefer lying on the couch, and even getting the lights seems to be one hell of a chore at times.

And due to inactivity, you start experiencing pains in your body and become more vulnerable to catching a cold. But when you pick up where you left off in your physical activities, you immediately turn the tables around.

Working out helps improve your mobility, so you dont feel the annoying neck pain or backache. It improves your metabolism, so you have enough and more sustained energy throughout the day. Also, it boosts your immunity, so youre less vulnerable to seasonal illnesses. And the list goes on to cover mental health benefits and treating chronic diseases.

However, it is also one of the most challenging lifestyle changes to make. And it is not the starting out thats the tricky part. It is sustaining it for the long-term that takes planning and willpower.

A mistake that most people make when starting to work out is expecting quick results. And that compels them to resort to the more aggressive forms of exercise and high-intensity workouts. These are not only difficult to keep up with but impossible to make a lifestyle out of.

To reap the maximum benefits of exercise and have it stick with you for life, start with something that you can easily do. If it is walking, running, swimming, rowing, dancing, or playing a sport, start with it right away! You can then later scale up the intensity or frequency as you see fit. This way, you wont scare yourself away from the workouts and will have a habit of life.

Diet is often an excellent place to start your lifestyle change journey. Indulged in the digital age distractions, we have forgotten about the impact food makes in our life.

Unhealthy eating habits lead to several chronic illnesses like diabetes, obesity, and cardiovascular conditions. It is a risk to your life and takes a heavy toll on your mental health. The more junk you eat, the worse you feel through the days of your life. Replacing tacos with a can of beans is too far a shot and is certainly not what I intend to say. So, stay away from the crash diets and, instead, make up a plan for yourself.

You can also add a few food supplements or relaxants to your diet to meet the nutritional requirement. Relaxants CBD buds or herbal teas help you calm down and unwind after a hard days work. They allow you to recover your energy efficiently, so you dont run out of gas the next day at work.

You can buy yourself carious hemp products from a CBD wholesale that helps fight depression and anxiety. Other than that, you can include multiple herbs like rosemary and cinnamon in your meals to keep your health and lifestyle in check.

Sometimes, when life gets too bland, having a change of environment helps you recover better. Going on a vacation, attending a family wedding, making it to your high-school reunion, or spending the weekend with friends are excellent examples of giving yourself a break.

It is only natural to assume that you need a dose of enjoyment after a harsh episode of work. Youve bottled up your emotions for a while, and now is the best time to let them out.

Maybe you can figure your stuff out better when on vacation. Youll have more time to think about your motivation and blessings in life. And more than that, youll have all the time to make a plan and set a deadline for your goals. Taking a break from your normal routine is highly therapeutic and useful in introducing your lifestyle change.

Last but not least, you have to make sure that you act much more frequently on the changes in your life that youve outlined for yourself.

It is essential to remember that lifestyle changes are not temporary. They are permanent. Like brushing your teeth every morning, nobody looks up to it really, but everyone does it because it has to be done.

The more frequently you perform new activities in your life, the bigger difference you will see in how things turn out to be. However, frequency does not mean high intensity. So, dont plan on taking the bulls share of work in a single day. Be lenient on yourself and remind yourself to take one step at a time. And no matter how small that step might be, it is still making a significant change in your life.

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Tips to improve your life with a healthy lifestyle Film Daily - Film Daily

Urine test reveals quality of your diet — and whether it’s the best fit for your body – Jill Lopez

Posted: November 3, 2020 at 8:59 am

Scientists have completed large-scale tests on a new type of five-minute urine test that measures the health of a person's diet, and produces an individual's unique urine 'fingerprint'.

Scientists at Imperial College London in collaboration with colleagues at Northwestern University, University of Illinois, and Murdoch University, analysed levels of 46 different so-called metabolites in the urine of 1,848 people in the U.S.

Metabolites are considered to be an objective indicator of diet quality - and are produced as different foods are digested by the body, say the research team, who published their findings in the journalNature Food.

The work was funded by the U.S. National Institutes of Health and Health Data Research UK.

Dr Joram Posma, author of the research from Imperial's Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction said: "Diet is a key contributor to human health and disease, though it is notoriously difficult to measure accurately because it relies on an individual's ability to recall what and how much they ate. For instance, asking people to track their diets through apps or diaries can often lead to inaccurate reports about what they really eat. This research reveals this technology can help provide in-depth information on the quality of a person's diet, and whether it is the right type of diet for their individual biological make-up."

The findings revealed an association between 46 metabolites in urine, and types of foods or nutrients in the diet. For instance, certain metabolites correlated with alcohol intake, while others were linked to intake of citrus fruit, fructose (fruit sugar), glucose and vitamin C. The team also found metabolites in urine associated with dietary intake of red meats, other meats such as chicken, and nutrients such as calcium. Certain metabolites were also linked with health conditions - for instance compounds found in urine such as formate and sodium (an indicator of salt intake) are linked with obesity and high blood pressure.

Professor Paul Elliott, study co-author and Chair in Epidemiology and Public Health Medicine at Imperial said: "Through careful measurement of people's diets and collection of their urine excreted over two 24-hour periods we were able to establish links between dietary inputs and urinary output of metabolites that may help improve understanding of how our diets affect health. Healthful diets have a different pattern of metabolites in the urine than those associated with worse health outcomes."

In a second study also published inNature Foodby the same Imperial team, in collaboration with Newcastle University, Aberystwyth University, and Murdoch University and funded by the National Institute for Health Research, the Medical Research Council and Health Data Research UK, the team used this technology to develop a five-minute test to reveal that the mix of metabolites in urine varies from person to person.

The team says the technology, which produces an individual's urine 'fingerprint', could enable people to receive healthy eating advice tailored to their individual biological make-up. This is known as "precision nutrition", and could provide health professionals with more specific information on the quality of a person's diet.

Dr Isabel Garcia-Perez, author of the research also from Imperial's Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction explained: "Our technology can provide crucial insights into how foods are processed by individuals in different ways - and can help health professionals such as dieticians provide dietary advice tailored to individual patients."

Dr Garcia-Perez added that the team now plan to use the diet analysis technology on people at risk of cardiovascular disease.

The researchers say this urine 'fingerprint' can be used to develop an individual's personal score - called the Dietary Metabotype Score, or DMS.

In their experiments, the team asked 19 people to follow four different diets - ranging from very healthy (following 100 per cent of World Health Organisation recommendations for a balanced diet), to unhealthy (following 25 per cent WHO diet recommendations).

The team found that people who strictly followed the same diet had varied DMS scores.

The team's work also revealed that the higher a person's DMS score, the healthier their diet. A higher DMS score was also found to be associated with lower blood sugar, and a higher amount of energy excreted from the body in urine.

The team found the difference between high energy urine (i.e. high DMS score) and low energy urine (low DMS score) was equivalent to someone with a high DMS score losing an extra 4 calories a day, or 1,500 calories a year. The team calculate this could translate to a difference of 215g of body fat per year.

The next step is to investigate how a person's urine metabolite fingerprint may link to a person's risk of conditions such as obesity, diabetes and high blood pressure. Professor Gary Frost, co-author of the research and Chair in Nutrition and Dietetics at Imperial said: "These findings bring a new and more in-depth understanding to how our bodies process and use food at the molecular level. The research brings into question whether we should re-write food tables to incorporate these new metabolites that have biological effects in the body."

Professor John Mathers, co-author of research and Director of the Human Nutrition Research Centre at Newcastle University said: "We show here how different people metabolise the same foods in highly individual ways. This has implications for understanding the development of nutrition-related diseases and for more personalised dietary advice to improve public health."

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Urine test reveals quality of your diet -- and whether it's the best fit for your body - Jill Lopez


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