Theres a stunning dieting statistic that has been tossed around since 1959, when the clinical study revealing this fact was conducted and its still shocking: 95% of all dieters will regain the weight they lose within one year. While we would like to believe things have changed since 1959, in this case, its only gotten worse. Currently, we have even more dieters, (approximately 45 million people dieting on any given day, in the US) and because of that, an ever growing diet industry. And thats just the people we can keep track of!

One thing we know for certain, however, is that most of these diets are not concerned with long-term weight loss because if they were we wouldnt have a 33 billion dollar diet industry. They would do their job and we would move on.

So the question we need to answer is, with so many different diets, and so many differing approaches, and so many experts and books why are we not losing weight? It turns out that the very premise of dieting works directly against our biology, psychology and our inborn need for pleasure. And its these three dimensions that can help us understand the 3 key reasons why diets dont work.

It does seem counterintuitive that when working our hardest to shed pounds, our body is working against us, but its true. This is because our body experiences dieting as a stressor. When were stressed, we produce high-levels of cortisol and adrenaline (stress hormones). These hormones cause our body to slow down the rate at which we burn calories. Our body is intentionally slowing down our weight loss efforts, because it perceives our reduced calorie intake as a threat to survival. And all our body is trying to do is keep us alive and as healthy as it can, every day, all day long.

When we cut caloric intake too much, as far as our body is concerned, we might as well be on a desert island with limited food and fuel, and so we have thousands of years of evolutionary conditioning informing our biology that its in our best interest to conserve fat, just in case were going to be in low-calorie survival-mode for a long time. The bodys job is to keep you alive.

Most of us can change our eating habits for a week or two, or sometimes even a month or two, but most often dietary induced changes are external changes eat this, and dont eat that. Of course what we eat is important, but changing the type of food we ingest alone does not necessarily create long lasting change, because it doesnt touch on theedeep rooted beliefs, patterns, and behaviors that inform our food choices and eating habits in the first place.

If a diet only focuses on food choices and doesnt touch upon why, we keep reaching for foods that diminish our energy and health, then we are likely stuck working only on the surface level. In order to make sustainable changes in our eating habits, we need to explore why we eat, how we eat and who we are as an eater.

Long-lasting change comes from making shifts on both the external level of food choices and eating behavior, as well as on the inside, which we know as the psychology of eating. The mindset that we bring to the table, consciously or unconsciously is the key to our relationship with our food and body.

All diets have an element of deprivation, and theres often a no-no list of foods that we must avoid if we want to be successful. Restrictive diets require us to have willpower and an ability to stick to the rules. But the problem with this constraining, tough-it-out attitude, is that its no fun! Theres no pleasure, and theres no joy involved in becoming healthier! Theres no ease in our eating when we are being tight-lipped and controlling around our food.

And, whenever we are in this state of tension around our food, we create an environment of stress within our body. As mentioned above, stress causes a rise in cortisol and adrenalin, which diminishes our calorie burning potential. So were creating the exact conditions that makes losing weight difficult.

If youre not willing to enjoy what you eat and how you eat, then weight loss will be like the battle so many believe it to be. Diets dont work, but stepping into pleasure and exploring the deeper psychology of eating can

By creating a positive relationship with food and body we will actually support our biology and psychology in generating the ideals conditions for reaching our natural weight. Dieting is concerned with the exterior, but eating psychology deeply addresses who we are as eaters.

Warm Regards,

The Institute for the Psychology of Eating Institute For The Psychology of Eating, All Rights Reserved, 2014

The Slow Down Diet: Eating for Pleasure, Energy, and Weight Loss

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3 Reasons Why Diets Dont Work | Psychology of Eating

European sea bass production can be supported with less methionine supplementation and no added taurine, even when using a low-fishmeal diet, say researchers.

An international team of researchers from Brazil, Portugal and Spain examined the use of supplemental methionine (Met) and taurine (Tau) in low-fishmeal diets for juvenile European sea bass. The team published its work in the journal Aquaculture .

The present study aimed at evaluating the effect of Met and Tau supplementation to a practical plant-based diet on growth performance, body composition, and oxidative status in juvenile European sea bass, a major marine finfish species of interest for the European aquaculture, said the researchers.

The group found that the amount of methionine recommended for use in sea bass diets may be higher than is needed, the researchers said. However, both amino acids were found to modulate the antioxidant response in fish.

Overall, results of the present study indicate that European sea bass juveniles perform well with a plant feedstuff based diet with a Met level 12% below the established requirement for the species and without Tau supplementation, said the researchers. Dietary Met and Tau supplementation to the diet modulate both hepatic and intestinal antioxidant response, but do not affect overall liver and intestine oxidative status.

Increases to both the cost of, and demand for, fishmeal (FM), along with efforts to improve the sustainability of aquaculture have had producers searching for alternative feed formulations, said the researchers. Plant-based feed ingredients have been substituted for FM, although they may not offer balanced amino acids (AA), include anti-nutritional factors, have less protein and reduced digestibility and palatability.

High levels of FM replacement often supplement limiting AAs including methionine, lysine (Lys) to support growth, feed efficiency and survival, they said. Met is required for protein synthesis and for several methylation reactions, they said. And, oxidation of Met residue protects cells from oxidative stress.

Met also indirectly alters glutathione synthesis (GSH) and influence cells oxidative status, they said. In fact, previous observations in mammals revealed that an increase of oxidative stress, with consequent reduction of GSH, led to an enhancement of Met trans-sulfuration in order to meet Cys [cysteine] demand for GSH synthesis, they added.

Taurine, another indirect antioxidant, can be synthesized by some fish, but the ability varies between species, said the researchers. It is now considered a conditionally indispensable amino acid (CIAA) and to play a role in cell membrane stabilization, modulation of calcium levels, anti-inflammation, osmoregulation and bile acid conjugation.

It is found in high levels in FM but is not readily available in plant proteins, they said. Plant-based feeds need to be supplemented with the AA.

Some marine fish raised on low-FM feeds have developed green liver syndrome from the reduced excretion of Tau-conjugated bile pigment and the over generation of hemolytic biliverdin, they said. But this can be offset with Tau supplementation.

In another species such as the totoaba (Totoaba macdonaldi), supplementation of 1% Tau to a diet with 60% FM replaced by soy protein concentrate was shown to restore lipid peroxidation levels and to increase catalase activity and the activity of key enzymes of the intermediary metabolism to the levels observed in fish fed the FM control diet, said the researchers.

European sea bass, can be raised on a diet high in plant proteins, without Tau supplementation, they said. It is considered that, at least juvenile European sea bass have some ability to biosynthesize Tau.

However, more work is needed to better understand the link between Met, Cys and Tau with the use of low-FM feeds, said the researchers. Their physiological roles, especially at the oxidative status level, deserves our attention, they added.

In the study, fish were given one of four trial diets for a period of 12 weeks, said the researchers. The diets included 82% plant protein and 18% fishmeal and had either more methionine (HMet) than required or less (LMet), and either 1% supplemental taurine or no additional taurine.

Feed intake and mortality were noted daily, they said. At the end of the feeding trial sample fish were collected to test for whole-body analysis and to provide whole-fish, liver and viscera weights, which were checked for hepatosomatic index (HSI) and visceral index (VI).

Liver samples were assessed for enzyme activities and oxidative stress enzymes including superoxide dismutase (SOD) and, catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), oxidized glutathione (GSSG), protein concentration and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH), they said.

Total glutathione (tGSH) also was measured, said the researchers. And, growth performance, feed use and whole-body composition were established.

No influence from supplementation was seen on growth, feed utilization or whole body composition, said the researchers. At the end of the trial, there were no differences among groups on whole-body composition, HSI, and VI, except for the ash content that was higher in fish fed the high Met diets, they added.

However, boosting Met levels increased CAT and GPX presence in the liver and tGSH and glutathione in the intestine and lowered glutathione reductase (GR) and GPX in the intestine, they said. GR and SOD levels were not altered by diet.

In the present study, although the Met level of the LMet diet (0.75% diet) was lower than the reported Met requirement for this species, growth and feed utilization was not affected, indicating that fish were able to overcome this apparent marginal Met deficiency, said the researchers.Feed intake between dietary treatments was also not affected, and given that one primary consequence of feeding fish a diet with IAA [indispensable amino acids] imbalances is the reduction in voluntary feed intake (de la Higuera, 2001), this result also attests for the absence of a severe IAA deficiency.

Supplemental Tau lowered intestinal tGSH, GSH and oxidized glutathione content along with GPX activity in the liver and intestine, they said. It also reduced glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase in the liver and altered both hepatic CAT and intestinal GR activity in conjunction with a high Met level.

Overall, European sea bass seems to cope well with a plant-protein rich diet without Met or Tau supplementation, said the researchers. Both dietary Met and Tau were shown to modulate fish antioxidant response but without altering the oxidative damage level.

Source: Aquaculture

Title: Effects of dietary methionine and taurine supplementation to low-fish meal diets on growth performance and oxidative status of European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) juveniles

DOI: 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2017.06.017

Authors: Coutinho, R. Simes, R. Monge-Ortiz, W. Furuya, P. Pouso-Ferreira, S. Kaushik, A. Oliva-Teles, H. Peres

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Study questions level of methionine required in sea bass diets - FeedNavigator.com

Scott Kirk, Special to the Reporter-News 11:28 a.m. CT June 19, 2017

.(Photo: a_namenko, Getty Images/iStockphoto)

On a recent Sunday afternoon at the D1 fitness center, Jill Lane revealed the latest, most state-of-the-art fitness equipment to a group of high school athletes and their parents.

On the opening slide of her PowerPoint presentation was a picture of a dinner fork.

Nutrition is the most overlooked part of training, but thats changing, said Lane, a certified nutrition consultant and health fitness specialist in Dallas.

If the role that nutrition plays in athletic performance is trending up, Lane has much to do with that. In the last 10 years, her clients have included such professional luminaries as recently retired football star Demarcus Ware and former Texas Rangersstar Josh Hamilton. If we are what we eat, then Lane believes we should be putting only the best into our bodies.

To me, its the No. 1 training tool, she said. Its the gas, its the oil, its the tires.

Lanes presentation was geared toward athletes, whom she defined as people who work out at least an hour a day three to four times a week and participate in at least one athletic event a week. One of her first points was to dispel the myth that their kids could eat anything and that their metabolism would burn it off. She said the proper diet could not only increase performance, but also help them recover quicker and improve focus for school work.

Among the foods she recommended were walnuts and pumpkin seeds, grass-fed beef, free-range chicken, sweet potatoes, broccoli and Brussels sprouts, berries and coconut oil, and unsweetened coconut milk.

She said to avoid partially hydrogenated and hydrogenated oils, high fructose corn syrup, MSG, artificial sweeteners and artificial food colorings.

When it comes to hydration, she said to start with water and begin drinking the day before an event to maintain focus. Sports drinks have their place, she said, but also contain a lot of sugar.

Lane recommended organic foods, but suggested that people work them into their diets, especially if they are just starting to change the types of foods that they eat.

Another part of the equation is when to eat. For young athletes, she said, thats fairly easy to figure out.

I call that the puppy dog phase, she said. Theyre fueling growth. Start at age 8 and dont stop until theyre 18.

Specifically, she said young athletes should eat breakfast within an hour of waking up, a snack within an hour of practice and eat periodically throughout the day, particularly proteins.

Another important aspect of conditioning is sleep. She said its recommended that young athletes get 10 hours of sleep.

I havent seen anyone who gets 10 hours of sleep, she admitted. But youll see professional athletes like LeBron James get 10 hours of sleep. Professional athletes have a little more control over their time because they dont have to go to class.

Lane said that the young athletes should learn to prepare their breakfasts and snacks, calling it a life lesson that will help them when they leave home and continue to play sports.

Lane, a former college soccer player, has been advising athletes on nutrition for more than a decade and she says she runs across athletes whose diets make her wonder how they can perform.

She recounted the story of how NFL running back Marshawn Lynch would eat Skittles candy at halftime.

I wish he hadnt told that, she said. At some point, your genetics run out.

For a more positive example, Lane pointed to Tom Brady of the New England Patriots.

When someone is 39 and they win the Super Bowl and theyre talking about playing five more years, that should get your attention, she said.

However, the most powerful influences on a childs nutrition dont come from professional athletes, but from parents.

Modeling is a big thing, said Lane. Our kids have to see us doing healthy things.

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Good nutrition key for athletes - ReporterNews.com

By NIRMALA GEORGE, Associated Press

NEW DELHI India's government is advising pregnant women to avoid all meat, eggs and lusty thoughts.

Doctors say the advice is preposterous, and even dangerous, considering India's already-poor record with maternal health. Women are often the last to eat or receive health care in traditionally patriarchal Indian households.

Malnutrition and anemia, or iron deficiency, are key factors behind India's having one of the world's highest rates of maternal mortality, with 174 of every 100,000 pregnancies resulting in the mother's death in 2015. That's better than five years earlier, when the maternal mortality rate was 205 maternal deaths per 100,000 live births, but still far worse than China's 27 per 100,000 or the United States' 14 per 100,000, according to UNICEF.

"The government is doling out unscientific and irrational advice, instead of ensuring that poor pregnant women get to eat a nutritious, high-protein diet," said gynecologist Arun Gadre, who is based in the western Indian city of Pune but works in rural areas.

The government booklet, titled "Mother and Child Care," smacks of religious dogma and ignores widely accepted medical evidence that pregnant women benefit from eating protein-rich meats and can safely engage in sex, doctors said.

It says pregnant women should also shun "impure thoughts" and look at pictures of beautiful babies to benefit the fetus.

"Pregnant women should detach themselves from desire, anger, attachment, hatred and lust," reads the booklet, released last week by the Central Council for Research in Yoga and Naturopathy, a part of the government's ministry that promotes traditional and alternative medicine.

The traditional medicine minister defended the booklet as containing "wisdom accumulated over many centuries," and said it did not advise specifically against sex, only against all thoughts of desire or lust.

"The booklet puts together relevant facts culled out from clinical practice in the fields of yoga and naturopathy," Minister Shripad Naik said.

The advice is unlikely to be followed at the many government-run health centers across India. They are operated by the Health Ministry, which has had past conflicts with the traditional medicine ministry and follows more scientific practices.

The booklet is the latest push for vegetarianism by Prime Minister Narendra Modi's Hindu-nationalist government, which already advocates avoiding beef and strictly limits the transportation and slaughter of cows, which are considered sacred by Hindus.

But the latest homily to pregnant women has outraged the medical community.

"This is a national shame. If the calories of expectant mothers are further reduced by asking them to shun meat and eggs, this situation will only worsen," Gadre said. "This is absurd advice to be giving to pregnant women in a country like India."

About a third of India's 1.3 billion people struggle to live on less than $2 a day. Many are lucky to eat more than one full meal a day, and women often give their portions up to their hungry children or husbands.

Malnourished women are more likely to give birth to underweight babies, who then are in danger of being "stunted" or not growing to their full height and weight. A full 48 percent of all Indian children under the age of 5 are considered stunted, according to a 2015 report by UNICEF.

"Undernourished girls grow into undernourished women. Married by their families while still in their teens, these girls become pregnant by the time they are 17 or 18, when their bodies have not matured enough to safely deliver a child," said Amit Sengupta, a physician and health care activist with the Delhi Science Forum, a public advocacy organization.

He said the government's advice to pregnant women betrayed "backward thinking" and hostility toward evidence-based science.

"This kind of advice is detrimental to women's health," he said.

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India's no-meat, no-lust advice for pregnant women ridiculed - WRAL.com

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